**6. Conclusion**

The design and optimisation of a novel PCF SPR biosensor has been presented in this chapter. The loss spectra, phase matching conditions and sensitivity of the proposed biosensor have been presented using a full – vector FEM with PML.

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It has been shown that the proposed PCF SPR sensor can be optimised to achieve a sensitivity of 4000 nm/RIU with regards to spectral interrogation, which is much higher than the 1000 nm/RIU and 3000 nm/RIU reported by (Hassani and Skorobogatiy 2006) and (Hautakorpi, Mattinen, and Ludvigsen 2008) respectively. In addition, the PCF SPR sensor incorporates the micro-fluidics setup, waveguide and metallic layers into a single structure. This makes the proposed design compact and more amenable to integration as compared to conventional fibre SPR biosensors.

With regards to fabrication, the proposed structure should be relatively easy to fabricate due to the notably large micro fluidic slots. Deposition of metal layers inside of the micro fluidic slots can be performed either with the high-pressure chemical vapor deposition technique (Sazio 2006) or electroless plating techniques used in fabrication of metalized hollow waveguides and microstructures (Harrington 2000; Takeyasu, Tanaka, and Kawata 2005).
