**8. Summary**

Numerical analysis of the grout – concrete - bolt interaction has demonstrated that:


further increase in the shear force has no apparent influence on stress at the hinges. The distance between the hinge points reduced with increasing strength of concrete.

Numerical Simulation of Fully Grouted Rock Bolts 639

[1] Pool.G, Cheng.Y and Mandel.J (2003). Advancing analysis capabilities in Ansys through

[2] Bhashyam.G.R (2002). Ansys Mechanical-A powerful nonlinear simulation tool, 2004.

[3] Coates.D.F and Yu.Y.S (1970). Three dimensional stress distribution around a cylindrical

[4] Hollingshead.G.W (1971). Stress distribution in rock anchors. Canadian Geotechnical

[5] Aydan.O (1989). The stabilisation of rock engineering structures by rock bolts.

[6] Saeb.S and Amadei.B (1990). Finite element implementation of a new model for rock

[7] Aydan, O. and T. Kawamoto (1992). Shear reinforcement effect of rockbolts in discontinious rock masses. Int.Sym. of Rock support in mining and underground

[8] Swoboda.G and Marence.M (1992). Numerical modelling of rock bolts in interaction with fault system. Int.Sym. of Numerical modelling in Geomechanics.729-737. [9] Moussa.A and Swoboda.G (1995). Interaction of rock bolts and shotcrete tunnel lining.

[10] Marence.M and Swobodea. M (1995). Numerical model for rock bolt with consideration of rock joint movements. Rock Mechanics & Rock Enginnering 28.(3): 145-165. [11] Chen, S. H. and G. N. Pande (1994). Rheological model and finite element analysis of jointed rock masses reinforced by passive, fully-grouted bolts. International Journal of

Rock Mechanics and Mining Science & Geomechanics Abstracts 31.(3): 273-277. [12] Chen, S. H. and P. Egger (1999). Three dimensional elasto-viscoplastic finite element and its application. Int. J. for Numerical and analytical methods in geomechanics 23: 61-

[13] Chen, S. H., S. Qiang and S. F. Chen (2004). Composite element model of the fully

[14] Surajit, P. and G. Wije Wathugala (1999). disturbed state model for sand-geosynthetic interfaces and application to pull-out tests. Int. J. for Numerical and analytical methods

[15] John.C.M and Van Dillen.D.E (1983). Rock bolts: A new numerical representation and its application in tunnel design. Proc.24th U.S. Symp. Rock Mech., Texas A&M

[16] Peng, S. and S. Guo (1992). An improved numerical model of grouted bolt-roof rock interaction in underground openings. Rock support in mining and underground

[17] Stankus.J.C and Guo.S (1996). Computer automated finite element analysis-A powerful tool for fast mine design and ground control problem diagnosis and solving. 5th Conference on the use of computer in the coal industry, West Virginia-USA.108-115.

grouted rock bolt. Rock mechanics and rock engineering 37.(3): 193-212.

solver technology. Electronic transactions on numerical analysis 15: 106-121.

hole and anchor. Proceeding of 2nd Int. Cong. Rock Mechanics.175-182.

Ansys,Inc. 275 Technology Drive Canonsburge,PA 15317.

Geotechnical Engineering.Thesis. Nagoya, Nagoya**:** 202.

Int.Sym. of Numerical models in Geomechanics.443-449.

joints. Int. Symp. of Rock Joints.707-712.

construction, Canada.483-489.

in geomechanics 23: 1873-1892.

construction, Canada.67-74.

University.13-25(Cited in Moosavi 1994).

**9. References** 

Journal 8: 588-592.

78.

