**3.2 Software configuration**

216 Efficiency, Performance and Robustness of Gas Turbines

P2 P3 P1

NO2

W6 W8 W9

RC2

3.5" 6"

Turb Stage 3

W3 NO1 CM3 NO3

Metals 2 Metals 1

W8 b W8 a W9 b W9 a

Stages 11 to 16

RC3

3" 4"

GT2 NO6 GT1

P6

Temp Cntrl P5

Temp Cntrl Turb Stage 1

VN3 VN4

DC3 DC2

Combustor

W4 Filter

Pe2

VC3

NO5

W13

W14

Drain Filter VN5

VC2

Fuel

Combustor Envelope

1"

RC4

P4 W11

W10

Rotor Air Cooler

14"

Rotor

RV2

14"

NO4

W12

Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the gas turbine-compressor-combustor system.

8*"*

RC1

GT4 NO9 NO8 GT3 NO7

..

P9 W17 W16 W15 P8 P7

W7

CM2 Stages 7 to 10

in the simulator. Figure 3 presents a view of the simulator.

Fig. 3. GT simulator installed in the client facilities.

The simulation sessions are initiated and guided from the Instructor Console (IC). It consists in one PC (or simulation node) with two monitors. Two operators stations replicate the real control stations from the plant. Each of these stations has two monitors and one wall mounted screens (54") to manage and control the simulated power plant. There is an additional PC that is used as a backup and to make modifications to the software, process or control models and where they are tested and validated by an instructor before to install it

**3. Description of the simulator** 

Discharge

Metals 4

Bleeding LP

Filter

18"

VN1

W1

Pb .

Pa RV1 W2

CM1 Stages 1 to 6

Bleeding HP

16"

W5

Metals 3

DC4

VN2

**3.1 Hardware configuration** 

Metals 5

W18

VC1 .

VC4

Pe1

Atm

Pe1

Atm

The simulator was developed under Windows XP and was programmed in Visual Studio Net, Fortran Intel, Flash and VisSim. The Simulation Environment (*MAS*) is copyright software of the IIE. A simplified conceptual diagram of the programs installed in the *MAS* is represented in Figure 4.

Fig. 4. Diagram of the Simulation Environment.

The platform, represented by the IC (with man-machine interfaces and a real time executive) has three main parts: the operator module, the model sequencer, and the IC functions. The communication between them is through a TCP/IP protocol. All the modules of the simulation environment except the Flash applications for the control interfaces are programmed with C# (Visual Studio).

The *MAS* is designed as a general tool for the GSACyS to develop simulators, it is very useful software that acts like a development tool and like the simulator man-machine interface. The *MAS* basically consist of four independent but coordinated applications: the real time executive, the operator module, the model sequencer and the instructor console.

The data base contains all the information required by the executive system. The tables contains information to support different process of the *MAS*, model sequencer, the number of times that a model is executed, Interactive Process Diagrams (IPD) for the instructor

Models for Training on a Gas Turbine Power Plant 219

The flash movies have both, static and dynamic parts. The static parts are constituted by drawings of some particular control screens that are fixed on the screen. The dynamic parts are configured with graphic components stored in a library which are related to each one of the controlled equipments (pumps, valves, motors, etc.). These components have their own "moving" properties and they are employed during the simulation

1. A main module (an "action-script" code) that loads the interactive process diagrams

2. A module to exchange information with the main module and with the executive

As a result of these functions, the student perceives his actions and simulator response in a

The models sequencer coordinates the execution of mathematical models in a parallel scheme on a distributed architecture of PCs or with multi-core equipment. This module also has a group of methods to initialise variables belonging to the mathematical models. These values (initial conditions) represent a particular state of the plant and are located in the

The Instructor console has menus to activate different functions according the instructor

Initial conditions. The instructor may select an initial condition to initiate the simulation session, either from the general pre-selected list of initial conditions or from their own catalogue. Each instructor has access up to 100 initial conditions. Also in this function it is possible to create an initial condition or to erase an old one. As a instructional help, the

Run/Freeze. The instructor may start or freeze a dynamic simulation session.

The models themselves and its mathematical treatment are explained in Section 5.1.

and gets information about the properties of the movie components.

execution.

system.

**3.4 Models sequencer** 

global variables memory area.

**3.5 Instructor console functions** 

Fig. 6. View of the instructor console.

necessities. The main functions are listed in this section.

The Instructor console is presented in Figure 6.

The main parts of the operator module are:

3. A module for the TCP/IP communications.

very close way as it happens in the actual plant.

console and functions for the operators consoles. All the information is configurable for each application that uses the *MAS*.

The global variables memory area is a dynamic memory created when the simulation starts. This special area is formed from information of data base and contains the direction of global variables for both models process and control. This function allows to modify and to consult variables.
