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**5** 

Jiří Militký

*Czech Republic* 

**Woven Fabrics Surface Quantification** 

*Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, LIBEREC,* 

It was revealed (Kawabata, 1980) that surface roughness is one of the main characteristics of fabric responsible for hand feeling. On the other hand it was found (Militký Bajzík, 2000) that paired correlation between subjective hand ratings and surface roughness is statistically not significant. Anisotropy of mechanical and geometrical properties of textile fabrics is caused by the pattern and non-isotropic arrangement of fibrous mass. Fabric structural pattern characteristics are important from point of view of fabric appearance uniformity and have huge influence on the surface roughness, which is an important part of mechanical comfort (Militký Bajzík, 2001). The complex structural pattern depends on the appearance of warp and weft on their surface, very often, one group of threads dominates. Typical examples of patterned fabric are cords where the so called "rows" parallel with machine direction are created. In the so called non-patterned fabrics the surface appearance or roughness is usually dependent on the weave and uniformity of fabric creation (Militký Bleša, 2008). From a general point of view, the fabrics rough surface displays two basic

1. Random aspect: the rough surface can vary considerably in space in a random manner, and subsequently there is no spatial function being able to describe the geometrical

2. Structural aspect: the variances of roughness are not completely independent with respect to their spatial positions, but their correlation depends on the distance. Especially surface of woven fabrics is characterized by nearly repeating patterns and

Periodic fluctuations of surface roughness can be spatially dependent due to arrangements

 Characterization of fabrics surface profile i.e. "surface height variation (SHV) trace" by using of techniques based on the standard roughness evaluation, spatial analysis, Fourier regression, power spectral density (PSD) and utilization of fractal

Indication of micro and macro roughness by using of aggregation principle or by using

The characterization of roughness anisotropy by using of profile spectral moments.

of weft and warp yarns. Non-periodic type of spatial dependence is subtler.

therefore some periodicities are often identified.

**1. Introduction** 

geometrical features:

The main aims of this chapter are:

of selected frequencies in PSD.

dimensions.

form,

