**3.2 Production of staple type microfibers**

Ultra fine fiber of the staple type is produced by the methods including:


They are only very tiny gaps for air to blow through. So, closely woven fabrics are constructed from microfilament yarn which results in small size of gaps to give maximum protection against wind and rain. The use of microfibers ensures that gaps in the fabric are very small even when dry (Mukhopadhyay & Midha, 2008; East, 2005). Moreover, the fabric and fiber surface is enlarged; therefore moisture is transported via more channels, since a better capillary effect is achieved (Rupp & Yonenaga, 2000). This type of weaving results in a windproof fabric with an excellent water vapor permeability compared with laminates and

Tightly woven microfilament fabrics exhibit an exceptional property of obstructing water droplets from penetrating. Liquid water is prevented by surface tension from penetrating the fabric, which will have a degree of water repellency (Richards, 2005; East, 2005; Anonymous, 2000). These fabrics exhibit an exceptional property of obstructing water droplets from penetrating while allowing water vapor to escape resulting in increased comfort (Anonymous, 2000; Falkai, 1991; Rupp & Yonenaga, 2000). Microfilaments make it possible to structure fabrics so that they repel wind and rain without loosing their textile character. In this respect the low water absorption of polyester plays a part (Basu, 2001). Functionality of densely woven microfilament fabrics with respect to waterproofness and windproofness can be reinforced by hot calendering (Rupp & Yonenaga, 2000). Their improved water impermeability and lower air permeability make microfiber fabrics highly suitable for waterproof and windproof application area such as sportswear, rain clothes, and

Microfibers are used in a variety of fabrics, but most commonly in dress and blouse weight garments. Suit jackets and bottom weights are becoming available. (Smith, n.d.). As the color, appearance resembles silk, these fabrics can be used for blouses, dresses, tailored suits, hosiery and evening wear (Basu, 2001). Fabrics produced with microfiber yarns are consequently softer and drape better than those made with normal fiber yarns. Even if tightly woven, microfiber yarns have a low weight per unit area and are not stiff. Polyester microfibers can be used to create fashionable women's outerwear fabrics with a new hand

Synthetic game leather and leather products are today produced industrially in Japan by impregnating nonwovens produced from PET, PA, PAN microfibers with polyurethane. These products offer outstanding advantages as against natural leather and game leather in terms of uniformity, dimensional stability, ease of care, color fastness and low mass (Rupp & Yonenaga, 2000). Microfiber suede fabrics are used in upholstery due to their elegant look,

Owing to their fine, compact structure, microfiber textiles offer excellent filtration effects for both air and fluid filtration. Ultra-fine microfiber products such as 0.05 dtex PP microfiber nonwovens, in combination with a high electrical voltage, which will provide permanent

coatings (Mukhopadhyay & Midha, 2008).

and smooth drape (Jerg & Baumann, 1990).

comfortable feel and easy care and clean properties.

**4.3 Synthetic game leather** 

tents.

**4.2 Clothing** 

**4.4 Filtration** 
