Preface

In general, woven fabrics are known as the traditional textile fabrics for apparel manufacturing and are used widely in various fabric compositions as intermediate goods that affect human activities. The relative importance of woven fabrics as traditional textile materials is extremely large and currently application fields of woven fabrics as technical textiles are rapidly expanded by utilizing its geometric features and advantages.

In the modern world the concept of "woven fabrics" is changing from the traditional material for garment fabrics to a key material in advanced industry in terms of IT, NT, BT, ET, ST and is being rapidly applied in the field of textile composite materials, establishing a new position.

To do this the existing definitions rather than technology for the textile industry can contribute to a convergence switch fabric and a new concept for the idea of establishing a paradigm.

In this text, the important key role of woven fabrics is introduced through the author's differentiated and specific research results. Using this text, micro-fibre fabric manufacturing and its importance as a structural material has been introduced, and dimensional and geometrical analysis of woven fabrics are described quantitatively using their algorithms. Processing technology and hydrolysis resistance of clothing textile materials is stated and the importance of fabrics as filtration media and the sensibility ergonomics approach is introduced.

Above all, what has been described herein is limited to the convergence feature and typical application examples of woven fabrics, but the important trend of woven fabrics as upgraded embedded or hybrid material has been presented through this investigation.

Finally, we sincerely thank the authors of this text for writing the manuscript, the Publishing Process Manager Ms. Ana Skalamera and to whom it may concern in InTech.

> **Han-Yong Jeon**  GSRL (Geosynthetics Research Laboratory) TOMRL (Technical Organic Materials Research Laboratory) Division of Nano-Systems Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Korea

**1** 

*1India*

*2Czech Republic* 

**Modeling of Woven Fabrics** 

B. K. Behera1, Jiri Militky2, Rajesh Mishra2 and Dana Kremenakova2

There are many ways of making fabrics from textile fibers. The most common and most complex category comprises fabrics made from interlaced yarns. These are the traditional methods of manufacturing textiles. The great scope lies in choosing fibers with particular properties, arranging fibers in the yarn in several ways and organizing in multiple ways, interlaced yarn within the fabric. This gives textile designer great freedom and variation for controlling and modifying the fabric. The most common form of interlacing is weaving, where two sets of threads cross and interweave with one another. The yarns are held in place due to the inter-yarn friction. Another form of interlacing where the thread in one set interlocks with the loops of neighboring thread by looping is called knitting. The interloping of yarns results in positive binding. Knitted fabrics are widely used in apparel, home furnishing and technical textiles. Lace, Crochet and different types of Net are other forms of interlaced yarn structures. Braiding is another way of thread interlacing for fabric formation. Braided fabric is formed by diagonal interlacing of yarns. Braided structures are mainly

Other forms of fabric manufacture use fibers or filaments laid down, without interlacing, in a web and bonded together mechanically or by using adhesive. The former are needle punched nonwovens and the later spun bonded. The resulting fabric after bonding normally produces a flexible and porous structure. These find use mostly in industrial and disposable applications. All these fabrics are broadly used in three major applications such as apparel,

The traditional methods of weaving and hand weaving will remain supreme for high cost fabrics with a rich design content. The woven structures provide a combination of strength with flexibility. The flexibility at small strains is achieved by yarn crimp due to freedom of yarn movement, whereas at high strains the threads take the load together giving high strength. A woven fabric is produced by interlacing two sets of yarns, the warp and the weft which are at right angles to each other in the plane of the cloth (Newton, 1993). The warp is along the length and the weft along the width of the fabric. Individual warp and weft yarns are called ends and picks. The interlacement of ends and

**1. Introduction** 

used for industrial composite materials.

home furnishing and industrial.

*1Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi,* 

*2Faculty of Textile Engineering, Technical University of Liberec,* 

**Geometry and Properties** 
