**8. Conclusion**

174 Woven Fabrics

Air Permeability (mm/sec) = -400.27938 +909.42821 A +17.24904 B - 0.18175 B2 - 36.27354 AB + 0.36635 AB2 (3) In this equation (3); A and B are the filament fineness (dtex) and weft sett (wefts/cm) independent variables respectively. The air permeability of polyester microfilament woven fabrics can be predicted by this equation. Mean Square Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE%), R-square predicted (R2predicted) and Rsquared (R2) values which contribute the performance of the statistical model are seen in

According to model performance values, the correlation coefficient between predicted and observed air permeability values is 0.9815 indicating a strong predictive capability of the regression model for twill weave types. Also, this regression model can predict the air permeability with 95.37% accuracy. So it can be said that the regression equation gave

> **Performance parameter Value**  R2 0.9913 R2predicted 0.9815 MSE 3.23 MAE 1.22 MAPE % 4.63

Table 10. Performance of the model for satin weave type

The regression equation of the cubic model for satin weave type is as follows:

Table 10.

satisfactory results.

**Air Permeability, mm/sec** 

> > 43 w/cm

45 w/cm

47 w/cm

43 w/cm

Fig. 6. The effect of weave type on air permeability

45 w/cm

47 w/cm

43 w/cm

45 w/cm

0.33 dtex 0.57 dtex 0.76 dtex 1.14 dtex 3.05 dtex

47 w/cm

43 w/cm

45 w/cm

47 w/cm

43 w/cm

45 w/cm

47 w/cm

Twill Satin

Wind resistance was achieved by coating fabrics formerly. But, it is already known that obtaining the wind proof fabrics with a better breathability is possible by weaving microfilament yarns with high densities. These types of fabrics provide a good thermal insulation in windy conditions in addition to submitting a comfortable wear by transporting the sweat vapor more easily than other counterparts. So, it is widely important to know how the woven fabric parameters affect wind resistance and to determine the proper values of these parameters for particular end uses. Consequently, air permeability of polyester microfilament and conventional filament fabrics is presented here. It is already known that a good wind resistance can be achieved by ensuring lower gaps in fabric structure with finer filaments and higher densities. A considerable effect of filament fineness on air permeability is seen, for all weave types used in this study. The experimental results showed that decreasing the filament fineness have a decreasing effect on fabric air permeability. This is not surprising, since the air gaps between the filaments within the yarns become smaller as the filament fineness decreases. Thus, air flow through the filaments is prevented. Furthermore, higher weft sett values provided lower air permeability values because of obtaining smaller air gaps between the yarns in fabric structure. This situation causes the air flowing through the fabric more difficultly and fabric air permeability decreases. It should be noted that our study was investigated the effect of filament fineness and fabric density by differentiating the parameters of weft direction solely. It may be concluded that by changing the parameters in the warp direction, lower air permeability can be achieved. From the point of weave type, it is observed that weave types with higher number of float or lower number of interlacing have higher air permeability values. Because this type of weaves provides better mobility for yarns in their structure and gaps between these yarns become larger with air flow more easily than others.

As mentioned earlier, very good resistance against wind can be achieved by tightly woven microfilament fabrics for different end uses. The most convenient fabric construction can be determined for a particular end use such as wind proof cloth, tent, e.t.c. with the aid of the results and regression analysis obtained from this experimental study. This study also lends assistance to decide the structural parameters for barrier fabrics in specialized applications such as surgical gowns which will be on horizon in near future. For further studies, fabric properties can be developed by using different fiber blends, applying fabrics mechanical surface treatments and special finishes. In the near future, it is expected to see nanofiber yarns for producing woven and knitted fabrics as well as

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### **9. Acknowledgement**

This research is founded by "Scientific Research Projects Governing Unit of Çukurova University" with the project number of MMF2010BAP1.
