**Author details**

Said Ben Alla, Abdellah Ezzati and Ahmed Mohsen *Science and Technical Faculty Hassan 1 University, Settat, Morocco* 

#### **8. References**

W. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan and H. Balakrishnan. (2000). Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks. Proceedings of HICSS '00.

	- K. Akkaya, M. Younis, (2005). A survey on routing protocols for wireless sensor networks, Ad Hoc Networks 3 (3) 325–349.

**Chapter 16** 

© 2012 Pantoni et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2012 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution,

**Street Lighting System Based** 

**on Wireless Sensor Networks** 

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Urban Low-Power and Lossy Networks, is defined as:

number of nodes requires the use of suitable routing protocols".

for networks with high latency tolerance.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/48718

**1. Introduction** 

simplicity.

Rodrigo Pantoni, Cleber Fonseca and Dennis Brandão

An urban network, according to the document RFC 5548 (2009) - Routing Requirements for

"Sensing and actuating nodes placed outdoors in urban environments so as to improve people's living conditions as well as to monitor compliance with increasingly strict environmental laws. These field nodes are expected to measure and report a wide gamut of data (for example, the data required by applications that perform smart-metering or that monitor meteorological, pollution, and allergy conditions). The majority of these nodes are expected to communicate wirelessly over a variety of links such as IEEE 802.15.4, low-power IEEE 802.11, or IEEE 802.15.1 (Bluetooth), which given the limited radio range and the large

According to Gungor et al. (2010), low-range WSNs are being widely recognized as a promising technology due to results obtained for smart metering, in particular the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, standardized by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) in 2006 (IEEE 802.15.4), for its robustness, financial costs, low power consumption and

Furthermore, there are two task groups that foresee the extension of IEEE 802.15.4 protocol in order to suit the requirements from smart grids. One of them (IEEE 802.15 WPAN TASK GROUP 4G, 2011) is preparing a protocol to support large networks, geographically diverse, with minimal infrastructure and millions of nodes; the other (IEEE 802.15 WPAN TASK GROUP 4E, 2011) is including characteristics extracted from CWPAN (Chinese WPAN standard – Chinese Wireless Personal Area Network), which specify power-saving methods

This paper presents an application for urban networks using the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, which is used for monitoring and control electric variables in a public lighting scenario.

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


**Chapter 16** 
