**5.2 Net-shape casting**

The countergravity technique is well suited for producing net-shape cast products. It is especially suited for thin-walled sections and intricate details due to its excellent mould filling. This is possible due to the virtual elimination of shrinkage defects in the countergravity casting technique. Near net-shape castings of even higher temperature alloys, such as steels are possible. Such has been reported by Chandely *et al* (1997) in the production of thin-walled steel exhaust manifolds.
