**4.2. DC-DC converter**

A designer concerned with the behavior of DC-DC converters introduced in earlier sections may wish to consider the voltage gain of the buck, boost, and buck-boost converters as a starting point. The Matlab workspace can be used to plot Vload/Vsource as introduced in section 2.2 for each converter to graphically represent the curves for consideration.

Recognizing that duty ratio ranges between 0 and 1 for all PWM converters, a Matlab workspace script program is used to create the plot shown in Fig. 21 to show output voltage of each type of DC-DC converter introduced in section 2 as a function of duty ratio. Note the asymptotic behavior of the boost and buck-boost at higher duty ratios.
