**7. References**

Amália Jurado, A.S,; Fernandes, M.; Videira, R.; Peixoto, F. & Vicente, J. (2011). Herbicides: the Face and the Reverse of the Coin. An in Vitro Approach to the Toxicity of Herbicides in Non-Target Organisms, In: *Herbicides and Environment*, Kortekamp A. (Ed.), InTech, pp. 5-12, Available from:

1(Heterocyclyl),2,4,5-Tetrasubstituted Benzenes

*Sci. Soc.*, Vol. 48, pp. 83-84

problems-and-considerations

in-conservation-agriculture

132, ISSN: 0043-1745

ISSN: 0261-2194.

US patent, US 5,344,812

*Abstr.18th Conf. Pest. Sci. Soc. Jpn.* p. 32

*Pestici. Sci.*, Vol. 50, pp. 283-290, ISSN: 1096-9063

*Pestic. Sci.*, Vol.30, pp. 259-274, ISSN: 1096-9063

cereals. *Proc. Brighton, Crop. Prot. Conf. Weeds* pp.19-22

Theodoridis, G. (1989). Herbicidal aryl triazolinones. US patent, US 4,818,275

51, pp. 105

239-243

as Protoporphyrinogen-IX Oxidase Inhibiting Herbicides 117

Metivier, J. & Boesch, R. (1968). 5-t-butyl-3-phenyl-2-oxadiazolones. US Patent, US 3,385,862 Mize, T.W. (1995). Control of annual weeds with F8426 in small grains. *Proc. Southern Weed* 

Nagano, E.; Hashimoto, S.; Yoshida, R.; Matsumoto, H.; Oshio, H. & Kamoshita, K. (1982). Tetrahydrophthalimides, and their production and use. EP patent, 61741 Netzer, D.A.; Riemenschneider, D.E. & Bauer, E.O.(1996). Pre and post flush application of

Oe,Y.; Kawaguchi, S.; Yokoyama, M. & Jikihara, K. (1995). RP020630- A new herbicide for

Oliver, L.R. Swantek, J.M. & King, C.A. (1996). Weed control in soybeans with

Qasem, J.R. (2011). Herbicides Applications: Problems and Considerations, *Herbicides and* 

http://www.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/herbicides-applications-

Price, A. & Jessica Kelton, J. (2011). Weed Control in Conservation Agriculture, in: *Herbicides,* 

Saito, K.; Sakaki, M.; Sato, R.; Nagano, E.; Hashimoto, S.; Oshio, H. & Kamoshita, K. (1993).

Scalla, R. & Matringe, M. (1994). Inhibitors of protoporphyrinogen oxidase as herbicides:

Thecodoridis, G. (1994). Herbicidal 2-[(4-heterocyclic-phenoxymethyl)phenoxy]-alkanoates

Thecodoridis, G.; Bahr, J.T.; Hotzman, F.W.; Sehgel, S. & Suarez, D.P. (2000). New

Theodoridis, G. (1997). Structure–activity relationships of herbicidal aryltriazolinones.

Theodoridis, G; Hotzman, F.W.; Scherer L.W.; Smith, B.A.; Tymonko, J.M. & Wyle, M.J.

Vansaum, W.A. Bahr, J.T. Bourdouxhe, L.J. Gargantiel, F.J.; Hotzman, F.W., Shires, S.W.;

Vencill, W.; Grey, T & Culpepper, S. (2011). Resistance of Weeds to Herbicides, *Herbicides* 

sulfentrazone. *Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am.*, Vol. 36, pp. 2 Poss, K.M. (1992). Herbicidal triazolinones. US patent, US 5,125,958

Du Pont R6647 in hybrid polar plantations. *Proc. North Central Weed Sci. Soc.,* Vol.

transplanted for rice(Oryza sative). *Proc. 15th Conf. Asian Pacific Weed Sci. Soc.* pp.

*Environment,* Kortekamp A. (Ed.), pp. 643-647. Available from:

*Theory and Applications*, Soloneski S. & Larramendy M. L. (Ed.), pp. 3-13, InTech. Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/weed-control-

New post-emergence herbicide S-23031; herbicidal activity and selectivity.

Diphenyl ethers and related photobleaching molecules. *Weed Sci.*, Vol. 6, pp. 103-

generation of protox-inhibiting herbicides*. Crop protection*, Vol. 19, pp. 533-535,

(1990). Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 1-aryl-4-substituted-1,4 dihydro-5*H*-tetrazol-5-ones, a novel class of pre- and post-emergence herbicides.

Sladen, N. A.; Tutt, S.F. & Wilson, K.R. (1993). F84260- a new rapidly acting, low rate herbicide for the post-emergence selective control of broad-leaved weeds in

*and Environment*, Kortekamp A. (Ed.), pp.585-590, InTech, Available from:

 http://www.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/herbicides-the-face-and-thereverse-of-the-coin-an-in-vitro-approach-to-the-toxicity-of-herbicides-i


Boesch, R. & Metivier, J. (1968). Oxadiazoline compounds and herbicidal compositions

Duke, S.O.; Becerril J.M.; Sherman, T.D.; Lydon, J. & Matsumoto, H. (1990). The role of

Fujita, T. & Nakayama, A. (1999).Structure-activity relationship and molecula design of

Grawford, S.D.; Maravetz, L.L. & Thecodoridis, G. (1997). Herbicidal 3-(bicyclic nitrogen-

Hirai, K.; Futikami, T.; Murata, A; Hirose, H. & Yokata, M. (1989). Oxazolidinedione

Hirai, K.; Yano, T.; Ugai, S.; Yamada, O.; Yoshimura, T.& Hori, M. (1995). A new low-rate

Jiang, L.L.; Tan, Y.; Zhu, X.L.; Wang, Z.F.; Zuo, Y.; Chen, Q.; Xi, Z. & Yang, G.F. (2010).

Kurtz, A.R.& Pawlak, J.A. (1992). Postemergence weed control in field corn with V-23031

Kurtz, A.R. & Pawlak, J.A. (1993). V-23031 – a new post emergence herbicide for use in field

Lydon, J. & Duke, S.O. (1988). Porphyrin synthesis is required for photobleaching activity of

Lyga, J.W.; Chang, J.H.; Theodoridis, G. & Baum, J. S. (1999). Structural replacements for the benzoxazinone protox inhibitors. *Pestic. Sci.* Vol. 55, pp. 281-287, ISSN: 1096-9063 Li, X.G. & Nicholl, D. (2005). Development of PPO inhibitor-resistant cultures and crops.

Matringe, M. & Scalla, R. (1988). Effects of acifluorfen-methyl on cucumber cotyledons:

Matsui, K.; Kasugai, H.; Matsuya, K. & Aizawa, H. (1972). N-substituted-tetrahydro-

Matsunaka, S. (1976). Diphenyl ethers . In : Kearney, P.C.; Kaufman, D.D. Herbicides:

Herbicide *Proc. North Central Weed Sci. Soc.,* Vol. 47, pp. 47

*Pestic. Manag. Sci.,* Vol. 61, pp 277-285, ISSN: 1096-9063

corn. *Abstr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am.*, Vol. 33, pp. 9

phthalimides. FR patent, FR 2,119,703

Goddard, S.J. (1976). Herbicidal isoindol-1-one derivatives. US Patent, US 3,992,189

protoporphyrin IX in the mechanism of action of diphenyl ether herbicides. *Pestic.* 

peroxidizing herbicides with cyclic imide structures and their relatives, in Peroxidizing herbicides, ed. Boger P and Wakabayashi K., pp. 92-115, Springer-

containing heterocycle)-substituted-1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyluracils US patent,

derivatives, method of producing the derivatives, and herbicides containing the

pre-emergence herbicide KPP-314 for rice. *Proc. 15th Conf. Asian Pacific Weed Sci.* 

Design, synthesis and 3D-QSAR analysis of novel 1,3,4-oxdiazol-2(3H)-ones as protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors. *J. Agric. Food Chem.*, Vol. 58, pp. 2643-2651,

the p-nitrosubstituted diphenyl ether herbicides. *Pestic. Biochem. Physiol.,*Vol. 31,

Porphyrin accumulation. *Pest. Biochem. Physiol.,* Vol. 32, pp. 164-172, ISSN: 0048-

Chemistry degradation, and mode of action, vol2, Dekker, New York, pp. 709-739.

 http://www.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/herbicides-the-face-and-thereverse-of-the-coin-an-in-vitro-approach-to-the-toxicity-of-herbicides-i Boesch, R. & Metivier, J. (1965). New derivative of ioxadiazolone preparation. FR patent, FR

1394774.

US 5,661,108

containing them. GB patent, GB 1110500.

*Sci.* Vol. 30, pp. 367-378, ISSN: 1096-9063

Verlag, ISBN: 3-540-64550-0, Berlin

derivatives. US patent, US 4,818,272

*Soc.*, Vol. 39, pp. 840-845

pp. 74-83, ISSN: 0048-3575

ISBN-10: 0824780574

ISSN: 1520-5118

3575

Metivier, J. & Boesch, R. (1968). 5-t-butyl-3-phenyl-2-oxadiazolones. US Patent, US 3,385,862


**7** 

*Brazil* 

**Persistence of Herbicide Sulfentrazone in Soil** 

*2Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Botucatu* 

In the deployment of an agricultural area through a cultivation system, there are serious and significant changes in geomorphic subsystems, edaphic and biological, making them simpler (agroecosystem), compared with the ecosystem, this, a more complex system. This change results in drastic reduction of the self-regulatory system, making it more unstable and susceptible to energy inputs. One major consequence of this transformation is the excessive increase of some species of insects, microorganisms and nematodes populations, and wild plants in such a way as to significantly impair the production, making

When the wild plants interfere with cultivated plants, specifically, they become weeds, which unlike others agricultural pests, they are by nature always present in agroecosystems, they are difficult to control and are directly (competition, allelopathy, etc.) or indirectly (reservoir of pathogens, insects and nematodes) responsible for the drastic decrease in

For a long time, agricultural researches have demonstrated that the control of weeds in various agroecosystems is a key factor for the success of crop production. All the technological development in crop science, nutrition, or breeding, can be compromised if the weeds were not controlled. The weed control is done by combining several methods,

Herbicides are chemicals used to eliminate plants. They are applied in suitable doses directly on the vegetation for foliar absorption (post-emergence treatment), or on the soil for absorption by the plant tissues formed after the seed germination, before the plant emergence from the soil surface (pre-emergence treatment). They are generally used to control of weeds in different agro-ecosystems, or in any other favorable ecological niches of these organisms: wasteland, margins of highways, railroad beds, parking lots, and aquatic

To selection of which herbicide will by used to weed control, you should always have an ecological focus using this agronomic technique aiming the maximum production. This

such as preventive, cultural, and chemical weeding, this, by the use of herbicides.

uneconomical the productive units, so, they are named as agricultural pests.

**1. Introduction** 

economic production of crops.

environments.

**Cultivated with Sugarcane and Soy** 

*1Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, Centro Experimental, Campinas* 

Flávio Martins Garcia Blanco1, Edivaldo Domingues Velini2

**and Effect on Crop Rotation** 

and Antonio Batista Filho1

http://www.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/resistance-of-weeds-toherbicides

