Contents

#### **Preface** XIII


X Contents



Contents VII

Chapter 19 **Ecological Production Technology** 

Chapter 20 **Vegetative Response** 

Chapter 22 **Adverse Effects of Herbicides** 

Chapter 23 **Herbicide Tolerant Food** 

Chapter 24 **Influence of Degree Infestation** 

Chapter 25 **Herbicides in Winter Wheat**

Vytautas Pilipavičius

**of Phenoxyacetic Herbicides MCPA** 

Wiesław Moszczyński and Arkadiusz Białek

John-Pascal Berrill and Christa M. Dagley

Y. Baye, A. Taleb and M. Bouhache

**on Freshwater Zooplankton 405** 

and José Luis Retes-Pruneda

N.P. Singh and Indu Singh Yadav

**with** *Echinochloa crus–galli* **Species on Crop Production in Corn 453**  Teodor Rusu and Ileana Bogdan

Chapter 21 **Sugar Beet Weeds in Tadla Region (Morocco): Species** 

Roberto Rico-Martínez, Juan Carlos Arias-Almeida, Ignacio Alejandro Pérez-Legaspi, Jesús Alvarado-Flores

**Legume Crops: Possibilities and Prospects 435** 

**of Early Growth Stages Enhance Crop Productivity 471** 

**Encountered, Interference and Chemical Control 381** 

**and 2,4-D in the Highest World Standard 347**

**to Weed Control in Forest Restoration 363** 

	- **Part 2 Control of Weeds 205**


VI Contents

Chapter 8 **Paraquat: An Oxidative Stress Inducer 135** 

Victorio Trippi and Gastón Quero

Chapter 9 **Herbicides and the Aquatic Environment 149** Rafael Grossi Botelho, João Pedro Cury,

Chapter 10 **Comparative Assessment of the Photocatalytic**

Chapter 11 **Row Crop Herbicide Drift Effects** 

Chapter 12 **Evaluation of the Contamination** 

**Part 2 Control of Weeds 205**

Raj Mohan Singh

Chapter 15 **Effects of Herbicide Atrazine** 

Šárka Klementová

Chapter 17 **Oxidative Stress as a Possible** 

Chapter 18 **Weed Population Dynamics 335** 

**Mechanism of Toxicity of** 

Bettina Bongiovanni, Cintia Konjuh, Arístides Pochettino and Alejandro Ferri

Aurélio Vaz De Melo, Rubens Ribeiro da Silva, Hélio Bandeira Barros and Cíntia Ribeiro de Souza

Chapter 16 **A Critical View of** 

Chapter 14 **Forty Years with Glyphosate 247**  András Székács and Béla Darvas

Dejan Orčić and Dragana Četojević-Simin

**on Water Bodies and Aquaculture 191** 

**by Herbicides in Olive Groves 207** 

Antonio Ruiz-Medina and Eulogio J. Llorent-Martínez

Grasiela D.C. Severi-Aguiar and Elaine C.M. Silva-Zacarin

**the Photoinitiated Degradation of Herbicides 297**

**the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) 315**

Chapter 13 **Prediction of Herbicides Concentration in Streams 227**

**in Experimental Animal Models 285** 

Ramiro Lascano, Nacira Muñoz, Germán Robert, Marianela Rodriguez, Mariana Melchiorre,

Valdemar Luiz Tornisielo and José Barbosa dos Santos

Biljana Abramović, Vesna Despotović, Daniela Šojić, Ljiljana Rajić,

Peter Wesley Perschbacher, Regina Edziyie and Gerald M. Ludwig

**Efficiency of TiO2 Wackherr in the Removal of Clopyralid from Various Types of Water 165** 


Preface

crops.

but are artificially synthesized.

Considerable advances in the understanding of herbicides in soils and/or in plants have been made over the past decade. Elucidation of the synthetic pathways of herbicides is continuing apace and, while their function is still open to controversy, it is now widely acknowledged that these compounds are not, in general, biomaterials

Exciting discoveries are continually being made in the field of herbicides. Since the completion of this book, it has been reported that the mode of action of herbicides is

The overall purpose of this book is to show that plants do not haphazardly produce a large number of chemical compounds, but that each compound is synthesized for a definite purpose and that the majority of herbicides and pesticides are artificially synthesized in the labs; investigating synthetic pathways and properties, and that all products produced to overcome weeds and insects which causes low production of

The format of the book is based on two main sections: Synthesis and Properties of Herbicides and Control of Weeds. This book contains 25 review articles on a wide range of important topics. Several chapters review herbicide progress in specific crops. Other chapters deal with the synthesis and properties of herbicides and weed control. I hope therefore that readers who are interested in a synthesis and properties and control of weeds, for example in winter wheat of early growth stages, effects of herbicides on fresh water zooplankton, and herbicide tolerant food legume crops, will

**Prof. Dr Mohammed Naguib Abd El-Ghany Hasaneen**

Professor of Plant Physiology, Plant Department,

Faculty of Science, Mansoura University,

Egypt

still in need of further investigation in order to cope with weed control.

benefit from the wider range of topics also discussed within this book.
