**6. References**

366 Macro to Nano Spectroscopy

Fig. 5. Loading plot for PCA performed with all measured variables: single phenolic

method. The comparisons led us to the following conclusions:

In this work, we compared two routinely used methods of determination of the following wine phenolic antioxidants: gallic acid, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, *trans*-resveratrol, cisresveratrol and quercetin. We used liquid chromatographic method with UV-vis detection, the conventional Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method and chemiluminometric



Information about single phenolic antioxidants content doesn't consider synergistic influences between phenolic compounds in wine, we ware limiting only on components, which ware analysed individually. Information about content of antioxidant components also doesn't consider prooxidative influence of transition metals content. Those effects

antioxidants, TAPSP and TAPCL.

method in all wine samples.

phenolic antioxidants.

**4. Conclusions** 


A Comparative Study of Analytical Methods for Determination

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**18** 

Anna Błażewicz

*Poland* 

**A Review of Spectrophotometric** 

**of Iodine in Miscellaneous Matrices** 

*Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin,* 

**and Chromatographic Methods and Sample** 

Why nearly 200 years after the accidental discovery of natural iodine by Bernard Courtois (Dijon, France, 1811) are researchers still intrigued by this element? Why do they constantly search for more sensitive and reliable methods of its determination? During the last 200 years the status of research into the role of iodine in living organisms and the environment has progressed through many phases, from rapture over its interesting properties and healing powers to even some kind of "iodophobia". According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 2 billion people, including 285 million school-age children, are iodine deficient. And among them, iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) affect some 740 million -- with almost 50 million of them suffering from some form of brain damage resulting from iodine deficiency (United Nations Administrative Committee on Coordination/ Sub-Committee on Nutrition, 2000). On the other hand, it is known that large amounts of iodine are able to block the thyroid's ability to make hormones and worsen infiltration of the thyroid by lymphocytes. According to Teng's studies (Teng et al., 2009) giving iodine to people who had adequate or excessive iodine intake increases the incidence

It became evident that increasing familiarity with the role of iodine would translate into development and discovery of more and more powerful analytical methods and techniques. Present-day analytical techniques are capable of detecting extremely small quantities. Some of them have become routine ultra-trace measurement tools in analytical and clinical laboratories. The aim of this review is to explore available information regarding iodine determination in various samples (mainly of biological and environmental origin) focusing on spectrophotometry and chromatography as sensitive and reliable analytical methods of its

Iodine plays an integral role in a diverse array of processes. As such, it exists in a variety of forms reflecting either the environment in which it is found or its biological function. Water,

**1. Introduction** 

of autoimmune thyroiditis.

**2. Iodine species in nature** 

measurement.

**Preparation Procedures for Determination** 

