**13. Cardiac catheterisation**

Cardiac catheterisation with selective coronary angiography is considered the gold standard for delineation of coronary artery anatomy, and if required interventional procedures such balloon angioplasty, stent placement or percutaneous transluminal coronary revascularisation may be performed in the same setting. Cardiac catheterisation is generally not recommended for patients with mild coronary artery involvement, however it can provide useful detailed information and help with risk stratification of patients who have complex coronary artery lesions (Figure 8 & 9). Coronary angiography in this instance is recommended 6-12 months after the onset of Kawasaki disease, or sooner as clinically indicated.

Fig. 8. Lateral selective coronary angiogram demonstrating a significantly dilated left anterior descending (LAD) artery and proximal circumflex (Cx) artery.

Cardiac catheterisation with selective coronary angiography is considered the gold standard for delineation of coronary artery anatomy, and if required interventional procedures such balloon angioplasty, stent placement or percutaneous transluminal coronary revascularisation may be performed in the same setting. Cardiac catheterisation is generally not recommended for patients with mild coronary artery involvement, however it can provide useful detailed information and help with risk stratification of patients who have complex coronary artery lesions (Figure 8 & 9). Coronary angiography in this instance is recommended 6-12 months after the onset of Kawasaki disease, or sooner as clinically

Fig. 8. Lateral selective coronary angiogram demonstrating a significantly dilated left

anterior descending (LAD) artery and proximal circumflex (Cx) artery.

**13. Cardiac catheterisation** 

indicated.

Fig. 9. Lateral angiographic plane with injection of contrast in the ascending aorta via a pigtail catheter, showing large saccular aneurysms in both the proximal right and left coronary arteries. (Image courtesy of Professor Mike South, Royal Children's Hopsital, Melbourne)
