**6. Conclusion**

140 Understanding Tuberculosis – Deciphering the Secret Life of the Bacilli

*Rv0015c pknA* RP transmembrane serine/threonine-protein kinase A

*Rv0261c narK3* CWaCP Probable integral membrane nitrite extrusion protein

methyltransferase *Rv0645c mmaA1* LM Methoxy mycolic acid synthase 1 mmaa1 (methyl

acid synthase)

mycolic acid synthase 1) (mmA1) (hydroxy mycolic

narK3 (nitrite facilitator)

*Rv0089 Rv0089* CWaCP Possible integral membrane efflux protein *Rv0145 Rv0145* LM Possible acyl-CoA dehydrogenase Fad19

*Rv0465c Rv0465c* RP Probable transcriptional regulatory protein *Rv0509 hemA* IMaR Probable glutamyl-trna reductase hemA

*Rv0558 menH* IMaR ubiquinone/menaquinone biosynthesis

Gene Name Function Description

*Rv0020c fhaA* IMaR aspartate aminotransferase *Rv0072 Rv0072* IMaR diaminopimelate epimerase

*Rv0332 Rv0332* CH Conserved hypothetical protein

*Rv0526 Rv0526* IMaR Possible thioredoxin protein

*Rv0525 Rv0525* CH hypothetical protein

*Rv0684 fusA1* IP elongation factor EF-2

*Rv1026 Rv1026* VDA hypothetical protein

*Rv1186c Rv1186c* CH hypothetical protein

*Rv1232c Rv1232c* CH hypothetical protein *Rv1306 atpF* IMaR ATP synthase subunit B

*Rv1629 polA* IP DNA polymerase I

*Rv1712 Cmk* IMaR cytidylate kinase *Rv1828 Rv1828* CH hypothetical protein *Rv2382c mbtC* LM Polyketide synthase MTBC

*Rv0712 Rv0712* CH Conserved hypothetical protein *Rv0998 Rv0998* CH Conserved hypothetical protein

*Rv1106c Rv1106c* IMaR 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

*Rv1202 dapE* IMaR succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase

*Rv1307 atpH* IMaR Probable ATP synthase delta chain *Rv1348 irtA* CWaCP Probable iron-regulated transporter irtA

*Rv1663 pks17* LM Probable polyketide synthase pks17

*Rv2476c Gdh* IMaR probable NAD-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase

synthase ppsD

coenzyme A carboxylase (alpha chain)

*Rv3285 accA3* LM Probable bifunctional protein acetyl-/propionyl-

*Rv2499c Rv2499c* IMaR Possible oxidase regulatory-related protein *Rv2727c miaA* IMaR tRNA delta(2)-isopentenylpyrophosphate transferase *Rv2934 ppsD* LM Phenolpthiocerol synthesis type-I polyketide

*Rv1514c Rv1514c* CH Conserved hypothetical protein

*Rv3001c ilvC* IMaR ketol-acid reductoisomerase

*Rv3135 PPE50* PE/PPE PPE family protein

Infectious diseases caused by intracellular pathogenic bacteria represent a significant challenge to health care. The course of the infection depends not only on the protective mechanisms, but also on the specific expression of bacterial genes. Altered expression as a response to the immune reaction of the host organism is critical for the survival and functioning of pathogenic bacteria. Understanding of *M. tuberculosis* transcriptional responses to different stimuli and aggressiveness of the environment gives the opportunity to describe the adaptation mechanisms necessary for bacterial successful survival and colonization of the host.

*M. tuberculosis* transcription profiling obtained in different conditions allows to define the core set of adaptive genes (we called it "commonly upregulated genes"), which characterize different phases of *M. tuberculosis* intracellular life – from primary infection through latency to reactivation. The expression of these genes can be considered as a universal reaction of mycobacteria to various stress factors of the environment. Accumulation and analysis of such data is the surest way to proceeding and developing effective approaches towards diagnostics and treatment of tuberculosis.
