**Meet the editor**

After obtaining his MD at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Pere-Joan Cardona started an internship in Clinical Microbiology in 1994, in the Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, where he was familiarized with the problem of TB in its clinical and diagnostic challenges. Invited by Ian Orme at CSU, he was trained on the development of TB experimental models. PhD was obtained in 1999. He

became Head of the Experimental Tuberculosis Unit at the Institut Germans Trias i Pujol of Badalona and Assistant Professor of Microbiology at UAB. He has been involved for the last 15 years in the study of the pathophysiology of TB infection. Additionally, he has authored 70 peer-reviewed publications in the field and is responsible for the development of different experimental models in mice, guinea pigs, goats and mini-pigs, and in the development of new drug regimens and vaccines against TB.

Contents

**Preface IX** 

Chapter 1 **Multi-Drug/Extensively Drug** 

Claude Kirimuhuzya

Chapter 3 **A New Hope in TB Treatment:** 

Héctor R. Morbidoni

Chapter 5 **An Approach to the Search** 

Juan Bueno

Chapter 7 **New Antitubercular Drugs** 

Chapter 4 **In Search of El Dorado:** 

Chapter 2 **Chemotherapeutic Strategies and** 

**Part 1 Strategies for New Drug Discovering 1** 

**Resistant Tuberculosis (Mdr/Xdr-Tb):** 

**Targets Against Resistant TB 33** 

Ruiru Shi and Isamu Sugawara

**Current Trends and Strategies in the Development of Novel Anti-Tubercular Drugs 107** 

Chapter 6 **Antitubercular** *In Vitro* **Drug Discovery: Tools for Begin the Search 147** 

**Renewed Global Battle Against Tuberculosis? 3** 

Neeraj Shakya, Babita Agrawal and Rakesh Kumar

**The Development of the Newest Drugs 93** 

**for New Drugs Against Tuberculosis 137** 

**Designed by Molecular Modification 169**  Jean Leandro dos Santos, Luiz Antonio Dutra, Thais Regina Ferreira de Melo and Chung Man Chin

Fernando R. Pavan, Daisy N. Sato and Clarice Q.F. Leite

## Contents

#### **Preface** XI


X Contents



## Preface

In 1957, a Streptomyces strain, the ME/83 (*S.mediterranei)*, was isolated in the Lepetit Research Laboratories from a soil sample collected at a pine arboretum near Saint Raphaêl, France. This drug was the base for the chemotherapy with Streptomicine, which demonstrated in 1980 to have a 100 per cent efficacy rate after being used together with two or three other drugs during the first two months of treatment in addition to an extra four month treatment combined with Isoniazid. The euphoria generated by the success of this regimen lead to the idea that TB eradication would be possible by the year 2000. Thus, any further drug development against TB was stopped. Unfortunately, the lack of an accurate administration of these drugs originated the irruption of the drug resistance in *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*. Once the global emergency was declared in 1993, seeking out new drugs became urgent. In this book, diverse authors focus on the development and the activity of the new drug families.

> **Dr. Pere-Joan Cardona**  Institut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP) Catalunya, Spain

**Part 1** 

**Strategies for New Drug Discovering** 
