**6. Urban settlement site selection and microzoning**

Microzoning is defined in a variety of ways by different researchers in the literature (Hays (1980), Sharma ve Kovacs (1980), Nigg (1982), Özçep and et.al, Sherif (1982), Finn (1991)). However, the common point of view of all researchers is that microzoning is to be analyzed in the preparation stage before earthquake to realize the reduction after earthquake while the habitability is to be analyzed especially in the high risk regions by dividing into the smallest subregions. Microzoning maps, depending upon the local geological, seismological and geotechnical conditions, is the mapping of the geohazards of the areas where potential of liquefaction, landslide sensitivity, flood risk, soil amplification etc or combinations of those hazards are seen, as a basis of the planning, the development and the design.

Geological studies and the synthesis of the data used in the planning exhibit a rapid development in terms of directing the planning. Within the framework of this development, geological-geotechnical studies, assessment of the suitability for settlement and microzoning

Correlation Between Geology, Earthquake and Urban Planning 433

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Hays, W.W., 1980. Procedures for estimating ground motions, U.S.G.S Professional Paper,

Sharma, S. and Kovacs, W.D., 1980, Microzonation of memphis, tennessee area, A report on

Ngg, J., 1982. Microzonation and public preparedness: a viable approach, Proceedings of

Sherif, M.A., 1982, Introductory Statement of 3 th International Earthquake Microzonation

Fnn, W.D.L, 1991. Geotechnical Engineering Aspect of Microzonation, Proc. Fourth Intern.l.

Tam D., 2004, Çevre Duyarli Planlamanin Ve Deprem Duyarli Planlamanin

http://www.hackturk.net/komplo-teorisi/287458/cukurlarla-ilgili-komplo-teorileri.html .

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research sponsored by The USGS, No: 14.08.0001-17752.

Proceedindgs, June 28-July1, Seattle, USA.

Planlama, ISSN 1300-7319. USGS (US Geological Survey) website.

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http://www.t24.com.tr/haberdetay/54382.aspx.

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Mikrozonation Model Using Geographical İnformation Systems Based on

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land-use planning: a case study, Engineering Geology, 61, 257-271.

<http://gis.esri.com/library/userconf/proc04/docs/pap1539.pdf>.

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**8. References** 

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maps provide highly important data to determine the land use and settlement for the planning.

Microzoning maps can be prepared as a base for the 1/100000 scaled regional plans. At the same time it reveals the development direction and the potential of the city by identifying geohazard thresholds for 1/25000 environment layout plans, 1/5000 master plans and 1/1000 tentative plans.

Earthquake resistant building designs advance significantly to decrease the risk of collapse and make the building safe under earthquake loding. However, these designs accompanied by expensive methods and techniques become insufficient in the implementation due to economical reasons especially for the developing countries. Therefore, microzoning maps gains more importance since the selection of a settlement area far from the geohazards will decrease the need for the precautions with high technology.

Microzoning maps direct the plans with an integrated risk approach by evaluating geologic hazards and advantages that are provided by geological-geotechnical investigations with the risks resulted from the constructions.
