**2.4 Economy**

Given the predominantly rural characteristic of both municipalities, economic activity is based on agriculture (99% of families according to the PDM 2007 in the case of Turco). Cattle ranching hs two main purposes: sale and household consumption (to a lesser extent). Both live animals and in meat as well as other products (portion of meat, fibber and leather for processing before being marketed) are used for sale. Own consumption is complemented by an interfamilial exchange. Marketing is carried out fortnightly and annual fairs especially in urban centres. Agricultural activity is highly subject to climate risks, and therefore the incomes of families are in constant insecurity, making families to diversify their economy by

Experiences of Community Wind Electrification

areas with most wind potential.

Projects in Bolivia: Evaluation and Improvements for Future Projects 91

To get the detailed wind map not only from specific points but also for the whole community, a specific wind simulation software WAsP, The Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program, by RISO, were used. This software extrapolates wind data collected by the anemometer located at a point and calculates the distribution of the wind resource throughout the surrounding area, considering the height map of the region. The topographic maps of the area were acquired in the Military Geographic Institute (La Paz, Bolivia). The energy generated by a wind turbine at each point of the community is also

Next, we presented the height and maps of Turco (Figure 1) and Challapata (Figure 2) obtained with WAsP. As shown in the pictures, the highest elevation points are usually the

calculated by WAsP considering the power curves of wind turbines.

Fig. 1. Wind (up) and height (down) maps of the community of Turco.

engaging in minor or complementary activities, such as handicrafts. Agricultural production is geared directly to consumption. Potato and quinoa are the products that are prevalent among families in the municipality of Turco and barley in the case of Challapata.

### **2.5 Community organization and leadership**

A community workshop in each municipality of Turco and Challapata was realized to know the institutional actors in municipality that should be considered allies when designing in the management model of the electricity service. These institutions are considered depending on the area in which they operate, from the communal, municipal, provincial, departmental, national and international levels. The participants of the workshop did not identify all the institutions, but only those related to the Municipal Government and Ayllu, the indigenous and original management and decision organization at community level. Therefore, to complete the institutional landscape the PDM was used as well as observations and findings in the towns.
