**Bio-Based Polyurethanes**

406 Polyurethane

2005

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**Chapter 18** 

© 2012 Sharmin et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2012 Sharmin et al., licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**Seed Oil Based Polyurethanes: An Insight** 

Seed oils [SO] are cost‐effective, eco‐friendly and biodegradable in nature. They bear functional groups such as carboxyls, esters, double bonds, active methylenes, hydroxyls, oxirane rings and others, amenable to several derivatization reactions. Their abundant availability, non‐toxicity and rich chemistry has established SO as focal point of polymer production, e.g., production of polyesters, alkyds, epoxies, polyols, polyethers, polyesteramides, polyurethanes and others. The escalating prices of petro‐based chemicals, environmental and health concerns have further beckoned the enhanced utilization of SO as polymer precursors. SO have attracted enormous attention as potential source of platform chemicals, at both laboratory and industrial scale. Today, oil‐seed bearing crop plants are being raised and modified for uses in areas covering biodiesel, lubricants, folk medicines,

SO based polyurethanes [PU] occupy an important position due to their simple preparation methods, outstanding properties and versatile applications in foams, coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers and others [1‐4]. In general, PU are prepared by chemical reaction of a diol, polyol or any oligomer or polymer containing hydroxyl groups, with an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic isocyanate. SO serve as green precursors to diols, polyols and other –OH containing polymers offering greener raw materials in PU synthesis, replacing their petro‐based counterparts. The choice of SO polyol or isocyanate is governed by the end‐use application of SO PU ranging from soft and flexible to rigid PU foams, thermoplastic to thermosetting PU, flexible films to tough, scratch‐resistant, impact resistant coatings and paints. It is well known that the structure of a triglyceride is very complex. Every SO has a characteristic fatty acid profile. Amongst the same species, the composition of triglycerides in a particular SO varies by weather conditions of crops and soil. Triglycerides vary by their fatty acid chain lengths, presence as well as the position of double bonds and degree of unsaturation of the constituent fatty acids. The structures of

Eram Sharmin, Fahmina Zafar and Sharif Ahmad

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/50085

cosmetics, plastics, coatings and paints.

**1. Introduction** 
