Contents

#### **Preface XIII**


Contents VII

**Part 5 Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia 319**

Inéz Frerichs and Knut Möller

Chapter 21 **Post Thoracotomy Pain Syndrome 391**

Miguel Ángel Palomero Rodríguez

Chapter 18 **Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury: Mechanisms and Future Therapeutic Interventions 321**  Maria A. Hegeman, Marcus J. Schultz, Adrianus J. van Vught and Cobi J. Heijnen

Chapter 19 **Optimizing Perioperative Ventilation Support with Adequate Settings of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure 353** Zhanqi Zhao, Claudius Stahl, Ullrich Müller-Lisse,

Felipe Villar Álvarez, Germán Peces-Barba Romero and

F. Della Corte, C. Mendola, A. Messina and G. Cammarota

Chapter 20 **Perioperative Pulmonary Functional Assessment 371** 

#### **Part 2 Pediatric Cardiac Surgery 167**


#### **Part 3 Aortic Surgery 213**

	- **Part 4 General Thoracic Surgery 293**

#### **Part 5 Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia 319**

VI Contents

Chapter 8 **Hypothermic Cardiac Arrest to Remove Right Atrial Thrombi** 

Chapter 9 **Restoration of Transposed Great Arteries With or Without Subpulmonary Obstruction to Nature 169** 

Chapter 10 **Gene Expression Profiling - A New Approach in the Study** 

Chapter 11 **B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) in Neonates, Infants and Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery 199** 

Chapter 12 **Cerbral Protection Strategies for Aortic Arch Surgery 215** Bradley G. Leshnower and Edward P. Chen

Elizabeth O. Johnson, Antonia Charchanti, Maria Piagkou,

Laszlo Göbölös, Maik Foltan, Peter Ugocsai, Andrea Thrum, Alois Philipp, Steven A. Livesey,

Geoffrey M. Tsang and Sunil K. Ohri

Theodore Xanthos and Theodore Troupis

Chapter 15 **New Approaches for Treatment and Prevention of** 

Chapter 17 **Systematic Review of the Literature: Comparison of Open** 

**Esophageal Atresia with Tracheo-Esophageal** 

**and Minimal Access Surgery (Thoracoscopic Repair) of** 

Chapter 14 **Neurologic Injury Following Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest 243** 

**Aortic Aneurysms 263**

**Part 4 General Thoracic Surgery 293**

**Fistula (EA-TEF) 309** M. W. N. Oomen

Stefano Nazari

Chapter 16 **Lung Transplantation 295** Wickii T. Vigneswaran

Mohamed T. Ghorbel, Gianni D. Angelini and Massimo Caputo

**Due to Abdominal Malignancies 147**  Pier Luigi Stefano, Stefano Romagnoli, Donata Villari and Giacomo Batignani

**Part 2 Pediatric Cardiac Surgery 167**

Ing-Sh Chiu and Chi-Ren Hung

Peter E. Oishi, Aida Field-Ridley, Sanjeev A. Datar and Jeffrey R. Fineman

Chapter 13 **Recent Advances in the Management of Acute Aortic Syndrome 229** 

**Part 3 Aortic Surgery 213**

**of Congenital Heart Disease 187** 

Chapter 18 **Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury: Mechanisms and Future Therapeutic Interventions 321**  Maria A. Hegeman, Marcus J. Schultz, Adrianus J. van Vught and Cobi J. Heijnen

#### Chapter 19 **Optimizing Perioperative Ventilation Support with Adequate Settings of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure 353**  Zhanqi Zhao, Claudius Stahl, Ullrich Müller-Lisse, Inéz Frerichs and Knut Möller

Chapter 20 **Perioperative Pulmonary Functional Assessment 371**  Felipe Villar Álvarez, Germán Peces-Barba Romero and Miguel Ángel Palomero Rodríguez

#### Chapter 21 **Post Thoracotomy Pain Syndrome 391**  F. Della Corte, C. Mendola, A. Messina and G. Cammarota

Preface

*Res ipsa loquitur* 

(The thing speaks for itself) (*Cicero, Pro Milone, 53*)

involved in their evolution.

surgery in particular.

complexity of their own theoretical content.

value.

It has indeed been a great privilege to be the Editor of the new book *Front Lines of*

In this original and promising editorial format, the book collects the up-to-date contributions on some of the most debated topics in today's clinical practice of cardiac, aortic and general thoracic surgery and anesthesia, as viewed by authors personally

The strong and genuine enthusiasm of the authors was clearly perceptible in all their contributions, and I'm sure that will further stimulate the reader to understand their messages. Moreover, the strict adhesion of the authors' original observations and findings to the evidence base proved that facts are the best guarantee of their scientific

Unfortunately however, no matter how strong their rational theoretical basis and evidence may be, new ideas and hypothesis are not usually accepted as easily and as quickly as any author would expect. That is the case in science in general and in

This is probably most related to "tradition", which is obviously widely recognized as the most important founding value of any culture. However, tradition is apparently resistant to innovations in different science fields in inverse proportion to the

This places surgery in an unfavorable position since, even though extensive theoretical and technological research precedes and justifies any surgical treatment, performance

In considering the evolution of the vascular anastomosis technique, it is interesting to note that the famous Carrel "triangulation" original sketch still reported straight, not an atraumatic needle, similar to that in use then for gastrointestinal suture. That was in

of any surgical act relies on very few, elementary, "mechanical" principles.

*Thoracic Surgery*, with the efficient assistance of the InTech technical team.
