**4. Ontology spot**

260 Emerging Informatics – Innovative Concepts and Applications

The Government presents the budget proposal to the Legislature during an annual budgetary session. According to the fiscal regime of the State, the Government shall propose this budget document to the National Assembly with a delay before the budgetary session.

The National Assembly must consider and adopt the final version of the appropriation bill within a fixed time following the beginning of the session. The consideration of the budget proposal starts in the finance and budget Committee1. Here budget discussions are conducted by the Committee President to resolve all major budget issues. At the end of the discussions and after all the budget analyses, the Committee then develops its budget

The adoption of the final version of the bills takes place in the plenary session in the presence of the entirety of the House and the whole Government team. Presided over by the Speaker of the House, this adoption goes through two steps including the budget hearings known as the parliamentary debate and the passing or the vote on the bills. At the beginning of the parliamentary debate, the Head of Government presents the information on the trends of the national economy, the public finances guidelines and the development of major investment projects. Then follows the questions and answer session during which Cabinet Ministers are called upon by parliamentarians to defend their

The passing of the finance law like that of other legislations is conducted by the Speaker of the House at the floor of the entire House. Unlike other legislations, the finance law must be debated and passed in two separate and sequential steps. First, the first part of the finance law is debated and passed. It is only after the adoption of the first part that the second part

Once the National Assembly considers the budget proposals and adopts the final version of the appropriation text, it forwards it to the Presidency of the Republic. The President of the

After law promulgation, the implementation of the State budget begins. Ministries can then spend the appropriated funds. At the same time, the General Direction of Budget prepares the financial statements describing the prior fiscal year. At this point, the budget process begins a new exercise for the next fiscal year. During the fiscal year, the legislature may deem it necessary to adjust the current year's budget. This change is implemented via the

1 The finance and budget Committee is made off of a certain number of parliamentarians. Other

Republic signs it into law within a fixed period following the receipt.

recommendations for consideration by the entire house in the plenary session.

**3.3 Submission of the budget to the National Assembly** 

**3.4 Budget enactment** 

budget requests.

**3.5 Budget promulgation** 

**3.6 Budget implementation** 

Budget Adjustment Act.

Committees are set up at the National Assembly.

of the finance law may be debated and passed.

The subject of *ontology* is the study of the *categories* of things that exist or may exist in some domain [13], [14]. The product of such a study, called *ontology*, is a catalog of the types of things that are assumed to exist in a domain of interest D from the perspective of a person who uses a language L for the purpose of talking about D. The types in the ontology represent the *predicates*, *word senses*, or *concept and relation types* of the language L when used to discuss topics in the domain.
