**2.1.2 Description of simulation**

6 Mobile Networks

Fig. 3. Scenario of HMIPv6/MPLS simulation

Fig. 4. MN moves the area PAR/LER

Fig. 5. MN moves the area NAR/LER

Finally, the MN moves to area NAR/LER as the figure 5 illustrates.

Initially, the MN is located in the area of the HA. 2 seconds after the start of the simulation, the HA moves towards the area of the PAR at 100 m/s, arriving at t=3.5 s approximately. At t=5 s, the CN begins sending CBR traffic to the MN following the route CN→LSR1→HA→LSR1→MAP→LSR2→PAR-MN as shown in figure 3. Then, at t=10 s, the MN starts moving to the area of the NAR at 10 m/s. At the same time, the handover takes places at around t=13.12 s and the MN receives one of the first packets from the NAR. Afterwards, the MN places in the area of the NAR at around t=17 s. Finally, at t=19 s, the CN stops sending traffic flow towards the MN.
