**3.19 miR-16**

miR-16 can target Oncogene BCL-2. By regulating BCL-2 expression with miR-16, tumor cell proliferation can be inhibited. Schaefer *et al* (Schaefer *et al,* 2010) found that miR-16 can down-regulate BCL-2 expression in prostate cancer cells. Takeshita *et al* (Takeshita *et al,*  2010) used chemically synthesized miR-16 to transfect prostate cancer cell line 22Rv1, Du145, PPC-1 and PC-3M-luc, and found that the proliferation of these cells was inhibited. They administered miR-16 and atelocollagen to prevent bone metastasis from transplanted prostate cancer tumor in nude mice via tail vein injection. The results showed that, compared to i.v. injection of atelocollagen as a positive control, miR-16 halted the progression of the transplanted tumors and metastatic lesions, and that miR-16 could regulate the expression of CDK1 and CDK2 that participate in cell cycle and proliferation. Therefore, intravenous administration of miR-16 could be applied as a strategy for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
