**4. Conclusions**

Biotechnology constitutes a good indicator of the governance of science and technology. For the plurality of its practices, periods can be analyzed to see which show distrust, optimism, fear, and in function of which technologies. The main ambivalences found in this study are:


To sum up, analysis of the processes of the perception of biotechnology put into question the homogenization of national and European tools when approaching the same questions. At the same time, diversity, the capacity for change and the complexity of the perception of citizens about these biotechnologies requires giving incentives to European and national mechanisms to favor greater public participation in the regulation and risk prevention of them.
