**5.2.3 Future perspective**

304 Grid Computing – Technology and Applications, Widespread Coverage and New Horizons

The first runs have provided a preliminary evaluation of the uncertainty of the hazard maps due to the random representation of the source and to the uncertainty on source parameter. Figure 3 shows an example of results of the test on the random component of the source model. The variability on the different random realizations of the source model (right) is

Fig. 7. Maps of average of PGV (peak ground velocity) on different random realizations of source model (left) and variability of the PGV in terms of ratio between standard deviation

and average of the maximum peaks at each receiver.

shown in terms of ratio between standard deviation and average at each receiver.

The NDSHA methodology has been successfully applied to strategic buildings, lifelines and cultural heritage sites, and for the purpose of seismic micro zoning in several urban areas worldwide. Several international projects have been carried out and are still in progress based on the NDSHA methodology, including: the "MAR VASTO" project, with the participation of Italian (ENEA, Universities of Ferrara and Padua, ICTP) and Chilean (University Federico Santa Maria in Valparaiso, University of Chile in Santiago) partners; the UNESCO/IUGS/IGCP projects "Realistic Modelling of Seismic Input for Megacities and Large Urban Areas", "Seismic Hazard and Risk Assessment in North Africa" and "Seismic microzoning of Latin America cities"; the multilateral-oriented network project "Unified seismic hazard mapping for the territory of Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia and Republic of Macedonia", supported by the CEI (Central European Initiative). The very positive outcomes from seismological collaborative research call for an improvement of such interactions; this is attained by integration and formalization of the existing scientific and computing networks. The e-Infrastructures provide an innovative and unique approach to address this problem. They demonstrated to be an efficient way to share and access resources of different types, which can effectively enhance the capability to define realistic scenarios of seismic ground motion, i.e. to compute the reliable seismic input necessary for seismic risk mitigation. Such facilities, in fact, may enable scientists to compute a wide set of synthetic seismograms, dealing efficiently with variety and complexity of the potential earthquake sources, and the implementation of parametric studies to characterize the related uncertainties.

A Cooperation Project, aimed at the definition of seismic and tsunami hazard scenarios by means of indo-european e-infrastructures in the Gujarat region (India), has been recently funded by the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region. This two-years project, starting in November 2011, involves three Italian partners (DiGeo, University of Trieste; ICTP SAND Group; CNR/IOM uos Democritos) and two Indian partners (ISR, Gujarat; CSIR C-MMACS, Bangalore). The project aims to set up a system for the seismic characterization, integrated with the e-infrastructures distributed amongst India and Europe, to allow for the optimization of the computation of the ground shaking and tsunami scenarios. This goal will be attained thanks to the strict connection with the European project EU-IndiaGrid2, which provides the necessary infrastructure. Thus, the project will permit developing an

Applications Exploiting e-Infrastructures Across

and extend it to HPC infrastructure as well.

**7. Acknowledgments** 

P09001

JINST, 3, S08 002.

Taipei Taiwan, March 2011,

Grids*. 6(3)*:1-8, September 2005.

http://pos.sissa.it/cgi-bin/reader/conf.cgi?confid=133

*CLCAR conference (*Colima,Mexico, September2011*)* 

e-IRG the e-Infrastructures Reflection Group (2011). e-IRG Roadmap 2010,

http://www.e-irg.eu/images/stories/eirg\_roadmap\_2010\_layout\_final.pdf

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**8. References** 

where the key role will be played by data management.

Europe and India Within the EU-IndiaGrid Project 307

simulation aspects relevant to water, food and health security. Such an ambitious task clearly requires in the near future a seamless approach to both HPC and HTC infrastructures. Our experience and work described can be regarded as the starting point for such integration

A similar line of reasoning could also be applied to the seismic hazard applications: in this moment EU-IndiaGrid computing infrastructure enables more detailed and complex computational investigations otherwise not possible. In perspective however the complexity of the simulation can easily grow when a 2D and 3D approaches will be used At this point, once again HPC resources will be needed and the seamless usage of them within the same Grid infrastructure will be necessary. Seismic hazard has some interesting perspective also for a future cloud computing exploitation with possible links to industry exploitation as well. The idea is to setup an advanced service where seismic hazard maps could be easily

We remark as final note that the EU-IndiaGrid and EU-IndiaGrid2 projects played a crucial role in promoting fruitful international collaboration in grid computing involving Europe, India and Asia-Pacific countries. It is expected that driving key applications (like Climate simulations) established in the course of the project will enhance further such cooperation

The authors would like to acknowledge the valuable contribution of all members of EU-IndiaGrid2 Consortium and the support of the EU-IndiaGrid2 Project, Grant Agreement RI-

Aamodt K. et al. ALICE Collaboration (2008). *The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC,*

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and seamlessly provided on demand could be of great appeal for industry players.

integrated system, with high scientific and technological content, for the definition of scenarios of ground shaking, providing in the same time to the local community (local authorities and engineers) advanced information for seismic and tsunami risk mitigation in the study region. Advanced services for the use of the computational resources will be developed, integrating the seismological computer codes inside the grid infrastructure of the EU-IndiaGrid Project. Synthetic seismograms, and the related ground shaking maps and microzonation analyses (that define the seismic input) will be generated using the abovementioned advanced services.
