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**18** 

*Romania* 

**Prevention and Therapeutic Strategies** 

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries. Endometrial cancer primarily affects postmenopausal women, with a median age at diagnosis of 60 years approximately 25% of women are premenopausal at diagnosis and up

17 studies covering 10,572 women showed a prevalence of a malignancy within endometrial polyps in postmenopausal women about 5.42% compared to 1.70% in premenopausal women [Lee, 2010]. Endometrial neoplasia was identified in 214 of 3,946 women with endometrial polyps who were postmenopausal compared with 68 of 3,997 premenopausal women (relative risk 3.86). There were 4,967 women with symptomatic bleeding and 195 from them (4.15%) had neoplastic polyps compared with 85 of 3,941 (2.16%) without normal bleeding, according to the report (relative risk 1.97). Looking at the increased risks seen with postmenopausal status and abnormal bleeding, this did not seem to be additive. Polyp size did not appear to be associated with malignancy. Women with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome have a markedly increased risk of endometrial cancer compared with women in the general population. Among women who are HNPCC mutation carriers, the estimated cumulative incidence of endometrial cancer ranges from 20% to 60% [Morrow, 1991; Goff, 1994]. In terms of histopathology, endometrial cancer can be considered as two types: type I, endometrioid, most commonly seen in 80-90% of cases and type II, and all other forms nonendometrioide serous. Endometrial carcinoma has three architectural degrees, depending on Solid to glandular component rate (for grade 1 is <5% and >50% for grade 3). That tipycally will be arised in younger obese women, hyper lipidemia, and signs of hyperestrogenism (exogenous or endogenous). Serous carcinomas are high-grade carcinomas. Comprising -1% of endometrial adenocarcinomas, the clear cell carcinomas are rare. There is an increasing of them in thinner, older women and show no hormonal risk factors. The endometrial carcinomas type I are commonly diagnosed at an early stage and have a favorable prognosis, often only surgically treated; recurrences are usually local (the most common site is pelvis) and curable very frequently with tumor-

to 5% of these are below the age of 40 years [Orr, 1997].

**2. Clinico-anatomopathological characteristics** 

**1. Introduction** 

Dan Ancuşa1, Gheorghe Furău2, Adrian Carabineanu1, Răzvan Ilina1, Octavian Neagoe1 and Marius Craina1 *1University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş" Timişoara,* 

**in Endometrial Cancer** 

*2"Vasile Goldiş" Western University of Arad,* 

