**3.2 Statistical analysis**

180 Cancer Prevention – From Mechanisms to Translational Benefits

the importance of environmental factors in CRC pathogenesis, since a 30-40 fold difference between regions with high and low incidence has been found (Parkin et al., 1999). It is famous that the main risk factors for CRC and CRP are obesity, high calories intake, high body mass index (BMI), and low physical activity, consumption of red meat and animal fats, and alcohol. Other risk factors include male gender, advancing age, use of laxatives, constipation, pathological gut flora, some occupations, and intake of Fe-containing supplements. There is association also between the risk of developing CRC or CRP and presence of some diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), acromegaly**,** diabetes mellitus, cholecystectomy, ovarian and breast cancer, history of survived cancer or availability of adenomatous polyps in the past. Many conditions increase the risk of development of CRC and the degree of their influence substantially varies, as is shown in

**Risk factor Minimal Moderate Major** 

Diet +

Тable 1. Assessment of risk factors for CRC and CRP. FAP, Familial adenomatous polyposis; NHPCC, Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer; MAP, MYH-associated adenomatous

One-hundred and sixty six patients diagnosed for large bowel polyps were included in the present study. Of the patients, 76 were female and 90 male, aged 60±13 years (range 19-86 years). Also, 107 patients with CRC (48 female and 59 male) aged 64±11 years (range 32-94 years), 3 patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), and 2 patients with

Recessive inheritance or low penetration (MAP) + CRC in the past + Colorectal villous adenoma in the past + Low physical activity + Age > 50 y. +

Male gender + Obesity + Tobacco smoking + Chronic alcohol abuse + Extensive IBD + Acromegaly + Diabetes mellitus + Cholecystectomy + Breast cancer, ovarian cancer, radiotherapy +

**3.1 Characteristics of patients with colorectal polyps and cancer** 

+

Dominant inheritance (FAP, HNPCC, Juvenile

polyposis; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease.

**3. Patients and methods (our study)** 

Table 1.

polyposis)

Logit-models were used for determining the possible risk or preventive factors, which combine regression and correlation analysis. We investigated the influence of these factors upon included patients with linear regression analysis to be able to associate the lifestyle and diet habits of population in our region. Depending on the value of the Exponent Ехp(B), factors are classified in three groups: risk factors – Exp(B)>1, protective factors – Exp(B) <1 and indifferent factors – Exp(B)=1. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel, Statistics 5. 13./W and SPSS 13.0 for Windows software programs. Values of p<0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
