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**Part 4** 

**Optical Materials** 


**Part 4** 

**Optical Materials** 

256 Materials Science and Technology

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1570.

**11** 

*Japan* 

**Time Resolved Investigation of Fast Phase-**

*1Research & Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute* 

Shigeru Kimura1, Yoshihito Tanaka1,2, Shinji Kohara1 and Masaki Takata1,2,3

The worldwide hunger for secure and smarter electronic data storage grows daily to satisfy today's extremely demanding business and entertainment requirements, and this drives the need to pack data into an increasingly smaller volume at ever faster speeds. Digital versatile disks (DVDs) are one of the most convenient storage devices for large amount of information such as video and digital graphs. One of the keys to develop the DVDs was to create the fast phase-change material, which gives rise to faster bi-directional phase change between crystal phase and amorphous phase by laser heating within the recording mark. Another key was to minimize the size of the recording mark for high density data storage. The DVDs have already been a mass product as one of the indispensable home electronic appliances, even though the mechanism of fast phase change has been the remained problem to be solved. Then, to develop the next generation higher density and faster optical data storage system, the atomic and electron level study was required in the last decades. This chapter will describe the challenge of the atomic level research for the fast phasechange mechanism of the DVD materials via X-ray pinpoint structural measurement, which is the state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation (SR) materials-analysis techniques developed at SPring-8. The X-ray pinpoint structural measurement and it's data analysis technique has been further upgraded by combining with theoretical structure modelling and became a tool to investigate how laser pulses alter the atomic structure of a class of materials useful for data storage and uncover a mechanism that could help the development of even faster

So far, the great efforts and developments have been paid for the progress of the DVD materials (Wutting & Yamada, 2007). The development of new phase-change materials, leading to the discovery of GeTe-Sb2Te3 (Yamada et al., 1987) and of Ag11In11Sb55Te23 (Iwasaki et al., 1992), has allowed us to produce rewritable compact discs, DVDs, and Bluray discs. In the commercial rewritable DVDs such as DVD-random access memory (RAM) and DVD-rewriteable (RW), information is written to the phase-change materials composed of the alloys of Ge, Sb and Te, or those of Ag, In, Sb and Te by changing their phase locally between amorphous and crystalline states using a sub-micrometer sized laser irradiation.

**1. Introduction** 

information storage in the future.

**Change Phenomena in Rewritable** 

**Optical Recording Media** 

*2RIKEN SPring-8 Center, RIKEN Harima Institute 3School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo* 
