**2. Conclusion**

Cholesterol is an essential component in cell membrane, as a precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones vitamin D, and bile acids that aid in digestion and cellular signal transduction. Half of the cholesterol is *de novo* synthesized in liver and is transported through various lipoprotein. Dysfunction in cholesterol metabolism can lead to hypercholesterolemia which is a major factor in the development of atherosclerosis. Mode of intracellular and extracellular cholesterol transport through acceptors-donors and thereafter cholesterol trafficking pathways are highly co-ordinated with each other, regulated at enzymatic/transcriptional level and diverse functions of cholesterol in our body. Taken together, this book chapter addressed recent advances in cholesterol metabolism related to absorptions, biosynthesis, transport, excretion and therapeutic targets for new drugs and natural compounds.
