**3.2.3 Cardiac malformations (n=5)**

The metabolic balance shows a significant increase in lactatemia, with umbilical venous concentrations lying between 1.4 and 3.1 mmol/l; a small increase in the serum concentration of free fatty acids is also found.

### **3.2.4 Malformations of the central nervous system (n=11)**

Hyperlactatemia is present in 6 cases, associated with a diminution in the pO2, with lactate concentrations being between 3 and 5.4 mmol/l.

This sub-group is also characterised by a decrease in the average free fatty acid concentration, and by a significant fall in cholesterolemia. UVB cholesterol is found at a lower level than that of the control group in over 50% of cases, the lowest concentration being 0.93 mmol/l.

### **3.2.5 Pulmonary malformations (n=3)**

Umbilical venous glucose and cholesterol concentrations are found to be reduced in the 2 cases of cystic adenomatoid malformations of the lung.

#### **3.2.6 Ascites (n=4)**

The results are within the normal range in the three cases of isolated fetal ascites.

The case of ascites with the complication of fetoplacental anasarca shows severe metabolic changes: hyperlactatemia of 5.9 mmol/l, hypoglycemia of 1.7 mmol/l, and hypocholesterolemia of 1.05 mmol/l.
