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**20** 

*Iran* 

**The Effects of Plant Extracts on Dental Plaque and Caries** 

*Associate Professor, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Kerman,* 

Daily use of an efficient anti-plaque compound, especially a formulated form in toothpaste, can be very beneficial in plaque control. Some groups of antimicrobial compounds have been studied thus far. The most important of these compounds are herbal extracts, metallic salts and phenol compounds. Each of these three groups has demonstrated positive results in clinical and laboratory studies. Herbal extracts have received special attention because of being non-chemical and non-synthetic, and they have been long used in traditional

In this section will be discussed about most important of plant extracts that have shown

The Salvadora Persica tree drives its Persian name, Darakht-e-Miswak or tooth brush tree. South of Iran, next to Persian Gulf, is the main growing area of this plant. This plant belongs to the Salvadoraceae family, a crowded evergreen shrub that has a soft inclined to a white wood. Since the brushes made of its wood strengthen the gums, it has been called "Miswak

Chemical compounds such as sodium chloride, calcium oxalate, silica, fluoride, sulfated compounds, vitamin C and tannic acid have been found in this plant. Moreover, this plant contains saponin, flavonoid, an alkaloid named Salvadorin, Trim ethylamine, an herbal steroid named beta-sit sterol and benzyl isothiocyanate. It is claimed that the vitamin C and sit sterol content of this plant have great roles in strengthening the gum capillaries and preventing gum inflammation. calcium salts and fluoride are quite effective in preventing dental caries. Moreover, the silica and calcium salts in the plant act as grinder and detergent. Trim ethylamine is known to be effective in reducing surface adhesion and also in decreasing plaque accumulation. Tannins, tannic acid, Sulfated compounds and benzyl isothiocyanate, are reported to have antimicrobial effects and help the healing of gum inflammation. Leaves, fruits and seeds of this plant have been used in traditional medicine as appetizer, mild laxative, diuretic and anti-fungal medication and people in some Asian and African countries have used it for many years (Akhtar & Ajmal 1981 , Al Sadhan &

**1. Introduction**

medicine ( Elvin 1980, Marsh & Bradshaw 1993).

tree" (Meswak tree) in traditional medicine (Poureslami 2007).

good effects on dental plaque and caries.

**2. Salvadora Persica** 

Hamidreza Poureslami

*University of Medical Sciences,* 

