**1. Introduction**

458 Solar Radiation

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24.

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iron salt on the color removal of water containing the azo-dye reactive blue 69 using photo-assisted Fe(II)/H2O2 and Fe(III)/H2O2 systems, Journal of

of fungal spores in water aided by low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide.

*Escherichia coli* inactivation by N, S co-doped commercial TiO2 powders under UV

inactivation of *Cryptosporidium parvum* with ozone/free chlorine and

intermitent) light intensity and of (suspended-fixed) TiO2 concentration. Applied

*Salmonella sp*. in natural water with a 18 L CPC photoreactor: Detrimental effect of

radiation and H2O2 on wild *Fusarium solani* spores in distilled and natural water.

photo-Fenton reagent at near neutral pH on the solar disinfection (SODIS) at low temperatures of water containing *Escherichia coli* K12. Applied Catalysis B: In today's climate of growing energy needs and increasing environmental concerns regarding energy shortages, scarcity and rapid depletion of non-renewable and environmental polluting energy resources such as fossil fuel, it is essential to diversify energy generation so as to conserve these fuels for premium applications hence the development, acceleration and use of new and renewable energy resources (Oladiran, 1999; Akarakiri and Ilori, 2003).

Recent concerns on the depletion of conventional energy sources such as agroforestry products and residuals such as wood and wood wastes have prompted interests in the use of solar energy for agricultural and forestry applications. Solar energy is an abundant and environmentally attractive alternative energy resource with enormous economic promises. In this era of energy shortages, it is noticed that the sun is an unfailing source of energy. It is free, the only disadvantage being the initial high cost of harnessing it. It is known that much of the world's required electrical energy can be supplied directly by solar power (Dennis and Kulsum, 1996).

The most commonly considered uses of solar energy are those classified as thermal processes. They include house heating, distillation of sea water to produce potable water, refrigeration and air conditioning, power production by solar-generated steam, cooking, water heating, and the use of solar furnaces to produce high temperatures for experimental studies (Encarta, 2002). Solar energy technologies such as photovoltaic cells, thermoelectric cell, thermionic cells, thermo emissive cells, etc are being used in small-scale applications on commercial projects (Encarta, 2002).

Electricity is also vital to modern day living without which there can be no meaningful development (Madueme, 2002). This is because in a technological and scientific development characteristic of the present day society, electricity is necessary for the operation of machines. The bulk of electrical power in the developing countries has been produced mainly from fossil-fuel based generating systems (Akarakiri and Ilori, 2003).
