**APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS**

Edited by **Bhuiyan Monwar Alam** 

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/1944 Edited by Bhuiyan Monwar Alam

#### **Contributors**

Jung-Sup Um, Suleyman Incekara, Marek Kachnic, Xinshen Diao, Fazel Amiri, Abdul Rashid B. Mohamed Shariff, Taybeh Tabatabaie, Barbara Goličnik Marušić, Damjan Marušić, Alka Patel, Nigel Waters, Ilham S. M. Elsayed, Rolando Rodríguez, Pedro L Real, Maria Luiza Rosa, Tatiana S. Da Silva, Flávia C. Farina, Shih-Miao Chin, Ho-Ling Hwang, Francisco De Oliveira-Neto, Lee Han, Bruce Peterson, Diaane Davidson, Philipp Klingel, Nicolai Guth, David Sanz, Santiago Castaño, Juan José Gómez-Alday, M.J. Escalona, Nikos Krigas, Kimon Papadimitriou, Antonios Mazaris, Darka Mioc, Rodrigo Nobrega, Enguerran Grandchamp

#### **© The Editor(s) and the Author(s) 2012**

The moral rights of the and the author(s) have been asserted.

All rights to the book as a whole are reserved by INTECH. The book as a whole (compilation) cannot be reproduced, distributed or used for commercial or non-commercial purposes without INTECH's written permission. Enquiries concerning the use of the book should be directed to INTECH rights and permissions department (permissions@intechopen.com).

Violations are liable to prosecution under the governing Copyright Law.

Individual chapters of this publication are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License which permits commercial use, distribution and reproduction of the individual chapters, provided the original author(s) and source publication are appropriately acknowledged. If so indicated, certain images may not be included under the Creative Commons license. In such cases users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. More details and guidelines concerning content reuse and adaptation can be foundat http://www.intechopen.com/copyright-policy.html.

#### **Notice**

Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book.

First published in Croatia, 2012 by INTECH d.o.o. eBook (PDF) Published by IN TECH d.o.o. Place and year of publication of eBook (PDF): Rijeka, 2019. IntechOpen is the global imprint of IN TECH d.o.o. Printed in Croatia

Legal deposit, Croatia: National and University Library in Zagreb

Additional hard and PDF copies can be obtained from orders@intechopen.com

Application of Geographic Information Systems Edited by Bhuiyan Monwar Alam p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0824-5 eBook (PDF) ISBN 978-953-51-5014-5

Contents

**Preface IX** 

Jung-Sup Um

Süleyman İncekara

**– Case Study 101**  Marek Kachnic

Chapter 7 **Behavioural Maps and GIS** 

Chapter 1 **Multi-Scale GIS Data-Driven Method for Early Assessment** 

Chapter 2 **Raster and Vector Integration for Fuzzy** 

Darka Mioc, François Anton,

Enguerran Grandchamp

**of Wetlands Impacted by Transportation Corridors 1**  Rodrigo Nobrega, Colin Brooks, Charles O'Hara and Bethany Stich

**Vector Information Representation Within GIS 21** 

**Move High School Geography Education Forward in Turkey?** 

Xinshen Diao, Liangzhi You, Vida Alpuerto and Renato Folledo

Nikos Krigas, Kimon Papadimitriou and Antonios D. Mazaris

Chapter 3 **Map Updates in a Dynamic Voronoi Data Structure 37** 

Christopher M. Gold and Bernard Moulin

Chapter 6 **Probabilistic Evaluation of the Extent of the Aquifer** 

**in Place Evaluation and Design 113**  Barbara Goličnik Marušić and Damjan Marušić

Chapter 8 **Assessing Agricultural Potential in South Sudan – A Spatial Analysis Method 139** 

Chapter 9 **GIS and** *ex situ* **Plant Conservation 153** 

Chapter 4 **Feng-Shui Theory and Practice Investigated by Spatial Regression Modeling 65** 

Chapter 5 **Do Geographic Information Systems (GIS)** 

**A Teacher's Perspective 83** 

## Contents

#### **Preface IX**



## Preface

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has emerged as one of the most important and widely used softwares for the social scientists in last two decades. Economists, sociologists, political scientists, public administrators, and geographers alike use GIS for capturing, storing, analyzing, and presenting spatially referenced socio-economic data. Election campaigns have been using GIS in a rapidly increasing manner. It has also been substantially used by urban and regional planners, natural resources scientists, and civil engineers. Application of GIS for land classification systems, landslide hazard zonation mapping, land use planning, water resources engineering, flood mapping analysis, mapping agricultural potentials, and the likes are not new phenomena anymore. The network analyst and spatial analyst extensions of GIS are used for advanced analysis of node-link analysis of different network systems and spatial modeling. GIS has been further excelled by incorporating spatial autocorrelation analysis techniques like Moran's I index and Geary's ratio C.

This book is geared to mastering the application of GIS in different fields of social sciences. It specifically focuses on GIS's application in the broad spectrum of spatial analysis and modeling, water resources analysis, land use analysis, agricultural potentials, infrastructure network analysis like transportation and water distribution network, and such. While the chapter by Darka discusses map updates using dynamic voronoi data structure system, chapters by Jung-Sup, Alka, Escalona, Krigas, Mehdi, and Enguerran present the geospatial analysis and modeling in fields like health research, plant conservation, transportation planning, landscape analysis, and such. These chapters talk about raster and vector integration, virtual geographic environment, thematic mapping, model driven engineering, and web engineering. On the other hand, chapters by Xinshen, Fazel, Barbara, Ilham, and Rolando explore the application of GIS in mapping and analyzing different land use characteristics and categories. The book also introduces GIS's application in water resources analysis – probability mapping of ground water aquifer by Marek, coastal zone management analysis by Luiza, and hydrologic characterization by David. Lastly, the book elaborates the techniques that detail the use of GIS in network analysis – freight analysis and modeling by Shih-Miao, water distribution network analysis Philipp, and landscape and transportation planning by Rodrigo. All chapters in the book use case studies to make the underlying theories and their applications as clearly as possible within the scope of this book.

#### X Preface

A lot of people and their important roles deserve acknowledgement. First, I would like to thank the authors for their valuable contribution in preparing the chapters. They have presented in-depth analysis for the readers to easily understand the ways GIS could be applied to varieties of subfields within the realm of social sciences. The authors made my job fairly easy by providing well-written chapters. Second, I am grateful to InTech publisher for keeping trust in my ability to edit this book. I specifically want thank the book coordinators and production managers for their patience while I was editing it. This book would not have been published in the absence of the help of the publisher. Third, I sincerely thank my beloved wife and life partner Sharmin Sultana, and two best gifts from the Almighty – my sons – Mubashshir Ra'eed Bhuiyan and Mashrafi Ryaan Bhuiyan. Finally, I extend my advanced thanks to the readers of this book. The hard works and sacrifices done by the authors, a group of wonderful but professionals working in InTech publisher, and others will only be successful if the readers find this book useful. While the credits go to the authors and publisher, I am responsible for any unintended errors that I was supposed to address but omitted due to human error.

> **Bhuiyan Monwar Alam**  The University of Toledo, Ohio, USA
