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**17** 

*Uganda*

**The Growth Performance Evaluation** 

Charles Lagu1, Robert Nsubuga Mutaka1, James Oluka2,

Immaculate Nabukenya1 and Proscovia Ntakyo1

Steven Byenkya1, Betty Laura Ayoo1,

**of Cattle Breeds in the South Western** 

**Agro-Ecological Zone (SWAEZ) of Uganda** 

*1Mbarara Zonal Agriculture Research and Development Institute, Mbarara, 2National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI), Tororo,* 

Agriculture is Uganda's most important sector, contributing 48% of gross domestic product (GPD) and directly supporting 85% of the population in rural areas. Livestock which is concentrated along 'the cattle corridor' runs southwest to northeast across Uganda, encompassing 29 districts represents 7.5% of the GDP and 17% of the agricultural GDP. The south-western agro-ecological zone (SWAEZ) of Uganda, comprising of the districts of Bushenyi, Ibanda, Isingiro, Kiruhura, Lyantonde, Mbarara, Ntungamo, Rakai and Sembabule lies within the corridor with a population of 3,085,900 people (UBOS 2006).

The cattle population in the SWAEZ number to 1,689,605 (UBOS and MAAIF, 2009). There are a number of different cattle breeds on farms in the south western agro-ecological zone (SWAEZ) which include the following: Friesian and Friesian crosses 50% (F1) and 75%(F2), Boran and Boran crosses and the Ankole cattle. The Ankole cattle used to be the most predominant breed of cattle but they have been extensively crossed with the Friesian

There are generally no guidelines on the optimum productivity and cost-effective level at which to stop cross-breeding. It is known that the more one up-grades the more susceptible the crossbred animals become to common diseases requiring extra cost on feeding and disease control. Studies by Kiwuwa *et al* 1983; Kugonza (2005) and Ndumu (2007) indicate similar findings about the production and husbandry constraints affecting other local breeds, the Ankole cattle in addition to extensive nature of cross breeding of the Ankole cattle. But these evaluations have been limited in scope and approaches while covering limited agro-ecological environments and unique production systems and furthermore, there have been a lot of changes in the grazing systems, feed resources availability and supply as a result of continued adverse changes in climatic conditions which impacts on the overall performance of the animals. It is, therefore, necessary that up-to date information is constantly generated to guide farmers in the best practices with regards to adoption of

**1. Introduction** 

cattle.

replacement heifers. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol.12, No.2, (March-April 1998), pp. 79-83, ISSN 0891-6640

