**5. Conclusion**

314 A Bird's-Eye View of Veterinary Medicine

Urea mmol/L

3.90 ± 1.19 2,3

4.07 ± 1.21 2,3

4.49 ± 1.29 2

4.52 ± 1.36 2

4.48 ± 1.04 2

Creatinin μmol/L

> 82.34 ± 15.10 1,2,3,4,16

> 75.31 ± 10.60 1,2,3,4,5,6

69.92 ± 8.79 1,2,3,4,5,6,8

> 75.96 ± 11.06 1,2,3,4,5,6

78.38 ± 9.25 1,2,3,4

K mmol/L

5.72 ± 0.60 2,3,4

6.49 ± 0.69 1,4,5,6,8,12,16,20,24

6.17 ± 0.65 1,12,16,20,24

6.08 ± 0.53 1,2,16,24

6.02 ± 0.53 2,16,24

5.95 ± 0.48 2,16,24

5.85 ± 0.37 2

5.79 ± 0.54 2,3

5.61 ± 0.57 2,3,4,5,6

5.76 ± 0.48 2,3

5.52 ± 0.57 2,3,4,5,6

TSP g/L

56.94 ± 5.19 1,2,3,4,5,12,16,20,24

61.09 ± 4.98 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,16,20,24

64.69 ± 5.17 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,12

67.55 ± 4.37 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,12

66.92 ± 5.03 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,12

Na mmol/L

144.9 ± 4.1 2,20,24

142.6 ± 3.9 1,4,5,6,8,12,16,20,24

143.8 ± 4.4 16,20,24

144.6 ± 3.2 2,16,20,24

144.9 ± 3.0 2,16,20,24

144.6 ± 2.9 2,16,20,24

145.1 ± 2.3 2,20,24

145.2 ± 2.5 2,20,24

146.8 ± 2.5 2,3,4,5,6

148.4 ± 2.4 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,12

148.6 ± 2.8 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,12

Alb g/L

31.76 ± 2.68 1,2

31.71 ± 2.82 1,2

32.52 ± 2.40 1,2,3

33.21 ± 2.91 1,2,3,4

32.89 ± 2.84 1,2,3,4

Cl mmol/L

100.0 ± 2.6 5,6,8,12,16,20,24

98.6 ± 3.1 3,4,5,6,8,12,16, 20,24

100.5 ± 2.9 2,6,8,12,16,20,24

101.3 ± 2.6 2,20

101.8 ± 2.6 1,2

102.3 ± 2.7 1,2,3

102.7 ± 2.5 1,2,3

102.3 ± 2.6 1,2,3

102.2 ± 2.1 1,2,3

102.9 ± 1.9 1,2,3,4

102.3 ± 1.7 1,2,3

Age (weeks) <sup>n</sup>

Age (weeks) <sup>n</sup> Bilirubin μmol/L

1

1,2

1,2

1,2

1,2

1 64 2.94 ± 0.48

2 64 3.27 ± 0.42

4 62 3.02 ± 0.42

6 63 2.94 ± 0.45

8 64 2.88 ± 0.33

12 61 3.01 ± 0.35

8 64 5.82 ± 1.72

12 61 5.19 ± 1.32

16 61 4.82 ± 0.98

20 56 4.42 ± 1.15

24 39 4.47 ± 1.52

Fe μmol/L

25.67 ± 12.53 1,2,3,16,20

30.43 ± 10.48 1,2,3,4,5,6

34.08 ± 13.49 1,2,3,4,5,6,8

32.90 ± 9.27 1,2,3,4,5,6,8

30.12 ± 9.88 1,2,3,4,5,6

The age group differs significantly (P<0.05) from age groups in superscript

Ca mmol/L

2.97 ± 0.30 2,3,4,5,6,8,12,16,20,24

> 2.0 ± 0.23 1

> > 1

2.66 ± 0.25 1

1

2.60 ± 0.19 1,16,20

2.65 ± 0.20 1

2.73 ± 0.18 1

1,6

1,6

1

The age group differs significantly (P<0.05) from age groups in superscript

Table 4. Mineral concentration in calves' serum (Ježek, 2007)

Table 3. Biochemical variables in calves (Ježek, 2007)

iP mmol/L

2

1,4,6,8,12

3 59 3.11 ± 0.42 2.63 ± 0.23

2

5 63 3.04 ± 0.49 2.66 ± 0.23

2

2

2

16 61 3.06 ± 0.36 2.74 ± 0.20

20 56 3.07 ± 0.34 2.76 ± 0.20

24 39 2.99 ± 0.33 2.67 ± 0.21

The age of calves influence the haematological and biochemical variables what should be considered by interpretation of laboratory results.

The results of various studies on age dependent dynamics of haematological and biochemical variables in calves are different. The differences are influenced by the fact that blood samples were taken in different age periods, breeds, rearing systems, geographic regions, and were analysed with different methods.

For proper interpretation of laboratory results it is the best to use the reference values from the laboratory which performed the analyses of blood.
