**4.3.2 Internet access**

460 Wireless Communications and Networks – Recent Advances

highway requires specific maneuvers by surrounding vehicles to adapt in a safe and continuous way to the traffic. If there are no objections from other drivers, then either the traffic will be adjusted automatically or advice will be given to the drivers on how to act. In this way the vehicle entering the highway can adjust smoothly into the flow of traffic without causing major disruptions to it. This application can be enhanced by using a RSU

This application, as shown in Figure 9, requires a significant number of vehicles to be equipped with wireless capabilities. Moreover, it is one of the most difficult and complex applications which is based on the harmonious and trustworthy co-operation among highly

The entertainment and information provision to the driver and the passengers might not be life critical but is still very important in today's society, where internet and exchange of information dominate. Examples of co-operative applications related to information and

The Points of Interest (PoI) application allows local businesses, touristic attractions, restaurants, gas stations and so on to advertise their availability to nearby vehicles. In this case, a RSU transmits information about a PoI, such as its location, hours of operation and pricing. Then this information is filtered by the vehicles dynamically, depending on the case, and the relevant information is presented to the driver. For example, if the fuel level is low, the vehicle could show to the driver the locations and prices of gas stations in the surrounding area. The benefit of this application is that advertising gets more effective as the driver moves within the geographical area where the PoI is located and it is more likely to visit it rather than if he listened about it to a radio station or found it on the web. Moreover, another benefit is that consumers receive up to date information directly from

which can determine the movements of each participant.

Fig. 9. Traffic merge assistant application.

entertainment (infotainment) will be outlined in this section.

dynamic vehicles.

**4.3 Infotainment** 

**4.3.1 Points of interest** 

a business in the neighborhood.

This application allows drivers and passengers to access the Internet. This in turn means the use of all types of services based on the IP protocol inside the vehicle. Therefore, a multi-hop route from a RSU to the relevant vehicle is installed and maintained to act as a gateway to the Internet. This path of multiple hops takes place transparently to the upper layers of the protocol stack and enables almost any service based on IP protocol to be used inside vehicles. Finally, this application allows access to the driver and passengers in any type of information available on the Internet (e.g. downloading of updated digital maps).
