**6. Conclusion**

Although a great deal has been learnt regarding the mechanisms that operate during synaptic plasticity, a complete description of the molecular basis of synaptic plasticity that underlies higher brain functions such as learning and memory is yet to be accomplished. While there is strong experimental support for changes in AMPAR activity as a major post synaptic mechanism supporting plasticity at synapses, the role of presynaptic mechanisms is less understood. The diversity in the mechanisms across different brain regions and across different species is a major challenge towards providing a mechanistic explanation of synaptic plasticity. Understanding the deviations in synaptic plasticity mechanisms in diseases may reveal new targets for the early therapeutic intervention in CNS disorders.
