**2.30 Trypsin inhibitor**

224 Gamma Radiation

These mutants showed superior yield attributes such as length and number of pods, number of seeds, 1000 seed weight and yield per plant as compared to control (Plate- 4). Auti (2005) stated that some unknown mechanism must be inducing the expression of yield controlling genes, which are responsible to increase the yield. Same may be the reason for getting high yielding mutants in horsegram. These mutants can break the constrains of low yield of

The seeds of all viable mutants showed reduced which will be of immense importance for the feature development of desirable varieties of horsegram with improved nutritional

The results shown in Table- 6 revealed that all the mutants except dwarf and compact showed decrease in phytate content. Phytic acid decides the nutritional quality of cereals and seeds of legume as it is a strong antinutritional factor. It is also implicated in the "hardto-cook" phenomenon of legumes (Stanley, 1985). Hence development of new cultivars with low phytate is the prime need of time. In present study tall, high yielding, early, late and long pod mutants showed reduced phytic acid contents (Table- 6). All such mutants can be exploited in future hybridization programme of horsegram aimed for improving nutrient

Control 442.25±17.69 2639.71±105.59 185.81±7.43 Tall 420.12±21.01 2565.51±128.28 110.43±5.52 Dwarf 447.14±31.30 2647.94±185.36 104.19±7.29 Compact 408.55±12.26 2643.83±79.31 120.71±3.62 Early 396.26±23.78 2425.56±145.53 98.75±5.93 Late 412.21±16.49 2544.99±101.80 126.96± Long pod 411.37±28.80 2372.45±166.07 136.32±9.54 Broad pod 409.07±12.27 2641.59±79.25 129.98±3.90 High yielding 402.26±24.14 2289.66±137.38 138.65±8.32 SEM± 17.81 106.29 5.36 F-Value 1.88 3.24 46.18 P-Value 0.13 0.02 0.00 LSD0.05 37.42 223.32 11.26

Data are means of three replicates ± standard deviation. Significant difference due to treatments was

Table 6. Nutrient quality in seeds of M3 mutants of horsegram cv. Dapoli Kulthi 1

**Phytate**  (mg 100g-1) **Trypsin inhibitors**  (TIU)

**2.27 High yielding** 

horsegram, in rainfed agriculture.

**Mutants Polyphenols** 

assessed by Fisher's LSD as a post-hoc test.

(mg 100g-1)

**2.28 Antinutrients in seeds** 

**2.28.1 Polyphenols** 

quality.

quality.

**2.29 Phytate** 

All the mutants showed decreased levels of trypsin inhibitor over control. Lowest values of TI were found in early mutant (98.75 TIU). The values of TI in different mutants in order as given below dwarf > tall >compact >late >long pod >high yielding.

The legume seeds like horsegram contain trypsin and chemotrypsin, which are the main anti-nutritional factors (Chavan and Hejgaard, 1981) as they decreases the digestibility of protein and cause pancreatic hypertrophy (Manjaya *et al*., 2007). The decrease in the levels of trypsin inhibitor as a result of the treatments of mutagens was reported by Harsulkar (1994). Kim *et al*., (2010) reported increase as well as decrease in trypsin inhibitor in mutants induced by gamma radiation. The mutants of horsegram with low TI have a great role in vegetarian diet of Indians.
