**2.3 Examination with the scanning electron microscope (SEM)**

unirradiated and the irradiated adult weevils were freeze by liquid nitrogen then dried in the chamber of the scanning electron –microscope, SEM (Jeol-JSM-5600 LV in SEM Unit, Central Laboratory for Elemental Analysis, Inshas, Egypt) in the low vacuum mode. Then the micrographs were taken, this technique called low vacuum scanning electron microscope freeze drying (L V-SEM)(Gasser *et al*.,2008) .This technique resulted in the presence of few small particles in white color represents ice during freeze drying technique of the specimens in low vacuum SEM on the micrographs
