**3.6.1 The effects of the dose rate 15 Gray**

The following sensilla showed certain alterations while the remaining ones did not show specific changes.

#### **3.6.1.1 Sensilla coeloconica**

### **3.6.1.1.1 Sensilla coeloconica 1**

Changes in general appearance, enlarged in size and irregularity in shape were noticed. The base of sensilla became less dense especially in central part. The finger like processes at the

Ultrastructure Alterations in the Red Palm Weevil Antennal Sensilla Induced By Gamma Irradiation 237

The sensilla observed very shrink. Most the finger –like processes of the S. coeloconica 3 were fused into blunt tip at apical margin, while in a few number were separated from each other and the separated processes were inflect apically (Fig.4D).The sensilla measures about

The S. chaetica 1 on the lateral sides of the club more curved on the antennal shaft and increased in size. The two branches of sensilla arise from the base of sensilla and are equal in length. The sensilla measure about 37.5 µm in length and about 8 µm in diameter (Fig.5A). The S. chaetica1 on the surface of the club become curved as if it needs support from nearby

Fig. 5. SEM photomicrographs of irradiated adult antenna of *Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus* with 15 Gy of gamma rays. (A): Enflected sensilla chaetica1 (Ch1) on the lateral side of club,

**3.6.1.1.3 Sensilla coeloconica 3** 

**3.6.1.2 Sensilla chaetica**

ones (Fig.5D).

**3.6.1.2.1 Sensilla chaetica** 1

22.5 µm in length and about 7.3 µm in diameter.

apex also became flattened, diffuse, less dense, and not pointing .The sensilla measuring about 20.8 µm in length and about 14.8 µm in diameter (Fig.4A).

Fig. 4. SEM photomicrographs of irradiated adult antenna of *Rhynchophorus Ferrugineus* with 15 Gy of gamma rays. (A): Enlarged coeloconic1(C1) on the scape, (B): Shrunken sensilla coeloconic 2 (C2) on the pedicel, (C): Shrunken sensilla basiconica 1(B1)on the ventral side between scape and pedicel, (D): Shrunken sensilla coeloconic 3 (C3) on the funicel. [Scale bars indicate 50 µm (A), 10 µm (B, C) and 20 µm (D), respectively]

#### **3.6.1.1.2 Sensilla coeloconica 2**

The sensilla are markedly changed in appearance arising deeply from the socket and partly separated from the edges of the socket. The sensilla appear shrunken and diminished in size. Near to the base of sensilla the processes appear fused with each other, fewer in number and thickened out. Near to the apex the processes are fanned out. The processes arise from the socket then, curve upward giving L- shaped appearance. The sensilla varied in length from about 23.8 to 26.3 µm and about 7.5 µm in diameter (Fig.4B).
