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**15** 

*Brazil* 

**The Effects of Gamma Radiation in** 

*1Institute of Energetic and Nuclear Research – IPEN/CNEN/USP* 

Marcia N. C. Harder1 and Valter Arthur2

*Technology College of Piracicaba – FATEC Piracicaba* 

**Nectar of Kiwifruit (***Actinidia deliciosa***)** 

*2Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo – CENA/USP* 

The kiwifruit (*Actinidia deliciosa*) is an exotic fruit to Brazil belonging to the family Actinidiaceae, the genus *Actinidia*, which has some edible species such as *A. chinensis, A. arguta, A. kolomikta, A. polygama* and *A. eriantha* and contrary what of imagines whose origin center are the China mountainous regions which have from 800 to 2000m altitude, where it grows in the forest shade and where it was called the Chinese gooseberry. Also found were records of the presence of kiwi to the northeast of India and Japan. New Zealand has always taken this credit but the first productions of the *A. delicious* species appeared only in mid 1910 and definitely where it was named in honor of the bird symbol of this country due to

The kiwifruit is a plant belonging to the order Theales, *Actinidiaceae* family and genus *Actinidia* with more than 53 species including the *Actinidia deliciosa* is the most important

The genus *Actinidia* in 1959 has been classified by Wallich. Hutichon that divided the family into genera actinideácea only climbers: *Actinidia, Clamatochetra* and *Sladenita* (Almeida,

They are typical plants of locations with temperate or subtropical mountain. The varieties of fruit most widely marketed varieties are produced by several species of *Actinidia deliciosa* and to a much lesser extent, by some varieties of *Actinidia chinensis*. The fruit pulp has coloration ranging from bright green to yellow, with several small seeds and black in the middle and characterized by the oval form and to be flattened. The bark has a light brown color covered with small fells. Being a low-calorie fruit is widely used in energy-restricted diets because about 90% of its weight consists of water (Demczuk Junior, 2007; Oliveira,

Another feature of the kiwifruit plant is to be clambering and its production be conducted preferably in tutoring systems (Figure 1) as the vines in order that the fruits do not touch the

**1. Introduction 1.1 The kiwifruit** 

his likeness and that receives the same name: Kiwi.

ground preserving them of the early deterioration.

(Ferri, Kersten, Machado, 1996).

1996).

2011).

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