**4. Discussion and conclusion**

It is clear from the above studies that ITCZ controlling on the extreme weather events. For first case study, the UK severed from abnormal cooling through the winter season on 2009. The mean temperature for that winter was 0.5 °C below average of (1971-2000), making it the coldest winter since 1997. However, the ITCZ is an important parameter for climatic studies in the northern hemispheric circulation. Through the present work relationship between the movement of the Atlantic-Western Africa ITCZ in summer 2008 and the cooling occurred over UK in winter 2009 has been studied. The results revealed that cooling in that winter was correlated to the southward variability that existed Atlantic -Western Africa ITCZ in summer 2008. However, there is mainly a significant positive correlation coefficient value +0.7 at 5° W longitude of ITCZ. In addition to that, for second case, the results of the present study uncover that the unusual north eastward shift of ITCZ over the north Sudan, Ethiopia and Red Sea on the period of 17-20 January 2010 leads to push the tropical weather regime northward towards eastern Mediterranean. One can concluding that the extreme shift of ITCZ to north eastward over eastern Africa is causing of occurrence widespread flash floods over EM on abnormal period. So in the future works the teleconnection of interaction between tropical and midlatitude weather regimes must take in consideration to forecasting of flash floods in EM region. In fact, during winter Northern Hemisphere, winter the ITCZ lies almost in the southern Hemisphere mainly over eastern Africa and Indian ocean. Meanwhile, during Summer Northern Hemisphere summer the ITCZ lies in the Northern Hemisphere. However, Figure 11 shows the longitudinal variations band in the ITCZ over the globe through January and July months. Satellite images show that from day to day the ITCZ is highly dynamic and changeable. This dynamic ITCZ has been the subject of dynamical modeling studies (Ferreira and Schubert 1997; Wang et al. 2010) . In a northern summer monsoon, the prevailing winds at the low levels are from the southeast. At high levels, the wind direction reverses. This configuration produces a large vertical wind shear not occur elsewhere in the tropics. In the monsoon onset process, the ITCZ shifts from near the equator to more than 10 degrees away in days. Compared with the movement of the Earth's tilt toward the Sun, this change is rapid. The shifts and preferred latitudes of the ITCZ observations and theory were investigated in several scientific studies (Bates,1970; Philander et al., 1996 and Hafez ,2003c).

Fig. 11. The longitudinal distribution of ITCZ in winter season represents by January and in summer season represents by July.[source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.mht]
