**7. References**

190 Material Recycling – Trends and Perspectives

design of both zeolite as a role of main reaction and supporter is a major key to determine

This result can be also sufficiently illustrated by the distribution of the liquid paraffin (normal/iso), olefin (normal/iso), naphthene and aromatic (PONA) products according to zeolite catalysts, as shown in Table 6. Raw pyrolysis wax oil is composed of predominantly normal paraffins and small amount of normal olefins. Among zeolites, ZSM-5 shows the

(wt%)

HZ30 HY80 HYC8 HMC11 HMA6

Aromatics (wt%)

Items Paraffins (wt%) Olefins (wt%) Naphthenes

Raw wax 70.7 - 70.7 8.0 - 8.0 - - HZ30 2.4 0.5 2.9 - - - 17.7 76.8 HY80 12.5 28.5 41.0 6.4 7.5 13.9 9.4 30.2 HYC8 12.2 25.6 37.9 5.5 8.4 13.9 11.9 28.7 HMC11 71.8 - 71.8 8.2 1.6 9.8 0.6 1.8 HMA6 61.3 - 61.3 7.0 10.2 17.2 2.2 8.7

Table 6. Composition of liquid paraffin, olefin, naphthene and aromatic products for

Carbon number 0 10 20 30 40

Fig. 9. Carbon number distributions of product oil for catalytic upgrading of raw pyrolysis

N- Iso- Total N- Iso- Total

catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis wax oil at 450OC, 1hr (Lee, 2012).

the product distribution.

Fraction (%)

0

wax oil at 450OC (Lee, 2012).

10

20

30

40


**Part 2** 

**Recycling of Tires, Pharmaceutical** 

**Packaging and Hardwood Kraft Pulp** 

