**1. Introduction**

80 Photonic Crystals – Introduction, Applications and Theory

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Since the Bragg layers, also referred as to 1D photonic crystal, lie at the core of many optical devices, this chapter is devoted to the study of the theory underlying the design of multilayered structures [Macleod 2001]. The corresponding analytical model is explained in details in section 2 followed in the next sections, by various design examples for the shake of illustration.

Of special interest are the Silicon-Air Bragg mirrors obtained by DRIE micromachining. They are considered as an important building block leading to a wide variety of applications. First, we elaborate on the use of this building block in resonant cavities and in interferometers (section 3). Then, we apply the multilayered stack theory to a case of study for a special structure: The mode selector, covered in section 3.7). Finally, we conclude this work by highlighting about an advanced architecture of 1D photonic crystals based on curved Bragg mirrors.
