**3. Clinical presentation**

Women with OAB may experience urinary urgency at inconvenient and unpredictable times. Urgency is the complaint of a sudden compelling desire to pass urine which is difficult to defer. In addition, patients may experience increased 24-hour frequency defined as the total number of daytime voids and episodes of nocturia during a specified 24 hours period. Daytime frequency is defined as the number of voids recorded during waking hours and includes the last void before sleep and the first void after waking and rising in the morning. Both frequency and urgency may occur and urine leakage may occur prior to reaching a toilet. These symptoms interfere with work, activities of daily life, intimacy, and sexual function, and they can also cause embarrassment and diminished self-esteem. (Shaw & Burrows, 2011) Many patients with OAB have symptoms that wake them up at night. Nocturia is the complaint that the individual has to wake at night one or more times to void.
