**7. Jean Piaget's theory**

Learning processes throughout the world has been profoundly impacted by Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development. According to Jean Piaget's theory (1919), as cited by Miller [7], *"children's intelligence undergoes changes as they grow." and "Cognitive development in children is not only related to acquiring knowledge; children also need to build or develop a mental model of their surrounding world."* Hence, cognitive abilities are continually developed, with later abilities building on earlier ones. Children engage in different types of thinking in their formative years. According to Piaget, learning occurs because of the integration of new experiences with prior knowledge and newly acquired knowledge with previous experiences. Consequently, these two processes combine to create not only short-term learning but long-term developmental changes as well. Piaget's cognitive theory focuses primarily on long-term developments. From the time of birth through the end of adolescence, cognition develops according to distinct stages. The four key features of his "stages" are:


3.At each stage, the stage before it undergoes a significant transformation.

It is the later stages that incorporate the earlier stages.
