**2. Types of learning behaviors in honeybees**

For neuroethological research, insects are considered favorable organisms due to their nervous system and tiny brain. Insects' central nervous system CNS is highly organized, with distinct separations between multisensory neuropils in the brain and sensory-motor neuropils in the ventral cord [11].

The insects have rich behaviors, including visual, space, time, mechanical communication, chemical communication, and complicated motor functioning for olfactory learning walking, flying, nest building, defense, swimming, learning and memory; however, these behaviors are not generally regarded as strengths of insects [12]. After all, genetically designed neural circuitry frequently considers insect behaviors highly standardized and tightly controlled. This viewpoint, however, does not do credit to the insect group Hymenoptera (wasps, bees, ants). Most insect species of Hymenoptera care for their brood either as a female social group or individual females. Subsequently, they return to their nesting site on a daily basis to protect, feed, store food, feed to larvae and defend themself from unfavorable environmental circumstances [13]. Because they seek food (pollen, prey and nectar on blossoms) in unexpected places, they must learn terrestrial and celestial cues that drive their long-distance foraging trips and enable them to locate their nest locations [14]. The forager's bees learn to position of sun and the pattern of the sky of polarized sunlight to the time of day [15] and locations are remembered in connection to the nesting spot using the time-compensated sun compass. The bees communicate the distance and direction of a food place to colony mates by performing waggle dance (a performed body movement). Associative learning is essential to dance communication and bee foraging activity [15]. Colony mates observing a dance show recognize the odor emitted by the dancing bee and seek it out at the designated food location. Flowers' color, shape and odor are remembered when the individual bees learn this stimulus shortly before discovering water and food (pollen, nectar) [16]. This appetitive form of learning behavior in honeybees has several traits of associative learning famous from research on the learning behavior of mammals [17]. It follows the principles of operant and classical conditions, respectively, so behavioral or stimuli acts are related to evaluating motivation. Because associative learning, particularly classical associative learning, is well explained at the operational and phenomenological levels, it offers a promising strategy in the hunt for the neural substrate underpinning learning and memory [18]. The homeostasis, survival and progress of honeybee colonies always

rely on the coordination's and contribution of each bee in a hive. Several studies have been conducted on the social behavior response of honeybees and also on other Hymenopteran insects [19].
