**1. Introduction**

As the population of human grows, habitat loss caused by anthropogenic landscape changes endangers the health and survival of several species. Because of the rising need for food and biofuels due to human population growth, more land must be devoted to agricultural output [1]. To accommodate this need, the usage of land has changed globally, with natural areas and smaller-scale agricultural operations being converted into high-yielding monocultures, but at a cost [2, 3]. Monocultures may significantly affect water, soil, and air quality. When combined with the destruction of natural, noncrop habitats, this type of agriculture has been linked to pollinator population decreases [4]. Concerns have been raised about diminished pollination of crops and wild plants, which might lead to decreased agricultural productivity and ecological service delivery. Honeybees are known as the most economical and important pollinator insects worldwide [5]. Like other pollinating bee species, recently, honeybees faced harsh environmental factors that caused as high as 65% colony losses worldwide. This rate is more significant than apiculturist believes acceptable because of higher expenses for hired pollination services. Several stresses, including genetic, neuroscience, biotic,

abiotic, nutritional shortage, and pesticide exposure, are known as potentially interacting stressors, and all are correlated with anthropogenic influence [6].

All social insects interact with our environment for survival through olfactory learning behavior. Among all social insects, Honeybees are important insects of biodiversity on which our planet depends for survival; they provide us with highquality food and other product such as royal jelly, honey, pollen, beeswax, bee venom and propolis [7]. The honeybee is an essential pollinator for our planet's survival. Honeybees have olfaction behavior for their survival and food seeking. The seeking of food and water resources exposes honeybees to conspecific competition and predation, leading to learning behavior responses to smell, visual cues, specific locations and other relevant stimuli [8, 9]. The olfactory learning behavior is more critical for the survival of the colony and seeking of nectar, pollen and water. This form of learning plays a significant role in foraging and food collection [10].
