**10. Complications**

Complications of intratympanic injections of corticosteroids are uncommon and banal (19). Those most often reported in the literature are: 1) some individuals experience intense pain during injection, 2) vertigo and tinnitus, 3) Other complications are rare and include acute otitis media and mastoiditis.

Patients who undergone trans-tympanic aerator to avoid multiple injections or to put in the microwick have an increasing risk of persistent eardrum perforation (47). In fact, 20% of these patients had non healing perforations that needed repair using a fat graft (26).

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Efficacy of Continuous Intratympanic Dexamethasone Delivered Via a Round Window Catheter for Severe To Profound Sudden Idiopathic Sensorineural

#### **11. Conclusion**

The intratympanic treatment has several advantages. It is an effective procedure for the control of cochleovestibular disorders such as sudden deafness and Ménière's disease. Up till now, there is no consensus on the IT protocol. Future studies will define the best prtocole. The perspective is the development of the gene therapy and the intracochlear treatment.

#### **12. References**


The intratympanic treatment has several advantages. It is an effective procedure for the control of cochleovestibular disorders such as sudden deafness and Ménière's disease. Up till now, there is no consensus on the IT protocol. Future studies will define the best prtocole. The perspective is the development of the gene therapy and the intracochlear

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**11. Conclusion** 

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treatment.


**17** 

*Republic of Korea* 

**Effects and Prognostic Factors of** 

**Sensorineural Hearing Loss** 

*Department of Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul* 

Kyu Seok Kim and Hae Jeong Nam

**Acupuncture Treatment for Idiopathic Sudden** 

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL), sometimes called sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is usually defined as loss of at least 30 dB in 3 contiguous

It is difficult to estimate the efficacy of the various treatments and impact of prognostic factors for ISSHL because the natural history of ISSHL is still unknown (Fetterman et al., 1996). There have been many studies reported the effect of various treatment including systemic corticosteroids, tympanic corticosteroids injection, antiviral, anticoagulant, and

There also have been several studies reported the prognostic factors of ISSHL (Mattox & Simmons, 1977; Shikowitz, 1991; Byl, 1984; Ceylan et al., 2007). However, the rate of spontaneous recovery of ISSHL is 45 to 65 percent (Mattox & Simmons, 1977; Eisenman D., 2000) and there is no improvement criterion that was universally accepted. Thus, the results

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has long been widely used in East Asia. Acupuncture is frequently used for the treatment of neurological conditions (Lee et al., 2007). Since 1970s, there have been some studies which reported effect of acupuncture on ISSHL. Some studies reported positive results (Yoon et al., 2003; Ha & Choi, 2003), while the others reported the

In previous study, we demonstrated that the acupuncture treatment (AT) has some effect on ISSHL patients who did not respond to conventional therapy (Yin et al., 2010). However, the

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects and prognostic factors of AT for ISSHL. We analyzed variables which related to improvement in ISSHL by AT; these included gender, age, location of lesion, presence of vertigo, presence of disease (hypertension and diabetes mellitus), the time interval from the onset of hearing loss to the start of AT and severity of hearing loss on the day of the initial visit. We also analyzed our data to search the

vitamin etc. on ISSHL, but the results were controversial (Eisenman D., 2000).

of several studies for prognostic factors were also controversial.

opposite trend (Vincent & Richardson, 1987; Borton, 1976).

efficacy and prognostic factors of AT on ISSHL are still unclear.

**1. Introduction** 

frequencies over a period of 3 days or less.

