**8. Acknowledgements**

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Science Foundation under the grant DMI-0329474 and the American Water Works Association Research Foundation under the project #3015. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors, and not of the National Science Foundation nor of the American Water Works Association Research Foundation. In addition, the authors would like to thank James R. Strout, the Book Review Board, as well as InTech Editors for providing comments, and editing earlier versions of this chapter.

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**20** 

 *India* 

**Renewable Resources in Corrosion Resistance** 

Corrosion of metals or alloys occurs due to chemical or electrochemical reactions with their environment, which often results in drastic deterioration in the properties of metals or materials comprising thereof. Corrosion takes place on a steel surface, due to the development of anodic and cathodic areas, through oxidation and reduction reactions, forming of oxides of metals alloys. There are several corrosion causing agents or "corrodents" such as soot, sulphate salts, chloride ions, temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved gases, humidity, bacteria, sand, gravels, stones, mechanical stresses and also several protection methods employed for corrosion resistance such as the application of alloys, composites, inhibitors, cathodic and anodic protection, protective linings and coatings (Bierwagen, 1996; Ghali et al., 2007; Raja& Sethuraman, 2008; Sorensen et al.,2009). Notwithstanding, corrosion has become a gigantic problem today for every nation. The colossal detrimental impact of corrosion on the economy of a country can be manifested in

In the past two decades, research and development efforts in the field have undergone vast changes globally, because of the everyday growing consumer expectations of good quality and performance coupled with lower cost, enormous hikes in the prices of petro-based chemicals out of fear of depleting stocks by the end of twenty first century, serious concerns pertaining to energy consumption and environmental contamination, regulations such as Clean Air Act Ammendments [CAAA, 1990], and above all the "cost of corrosion". These predictions, regulations and innovations have posed constant threats and challenges for anticorrosion industry forcing to change its gears worldwide. The corrosion chemists, researchers and engineers in industry and academics are actively engaged to explore and formulate new strategies to meet the mandatory limits of performance, cost and legislations. The ultimate solution is foreseen through the "excessive utilisation of our naturally available resources" primarily, to cut off the escalating prices of raw materials, to formulate environmentally benign materials, to expedite their post-service degradation, and to add value to a waste material. Consequently "environmentally friendly" or "green" coating technologies (waterborne [WB], powder, high-solid, hyperbranched and radiation-curable) have evolved, with special emphasis being laid on the excessive utilization of naturally available renewable resources thriving on acres of our agricultural lands. These may be formulated as corrosion resistant alloys, corrosion resistant composites, corrosion resistant pigments, corrosion resistant coatings, paints and corrosion inhibitors. Renewable resources provide cheaper and abundant biological feedstocks with numerous advantages, such as

billions of dollars spent annually to combat or control it.

**1. Introduction** 

*Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi,* 

Eram Sharmin, Sharif Ahmad and Fahmina Zafar

