**3.3 Species composition and distribution of red algae in the studied area**

On the total there are 129 species of red algae found up to now on the shelf of the western part of Bering Sea and Commander Islands. The species list is given below in the table format (Table 3).


*Ulva prolifera* O.F. Müller **CI, K, O**  *Ulvaria splendens* Ruprecht **In all places Family Ulvellaceae**  *Acrochaete flustrae* (Reinke) O'Kelly **CI, O**  *Acrochaete geniculata* (Gardner) O'Kelly **CI**  *Acrochaete ramosa* (Gardner) O'Kelly **K**  *Acrochaete viridis* (Reinke) R. Nielsen **CI, K Class Trebouxiophyceae Order Prasiolales Family Prasiolaceae**  *Prasiola borealis* Reed **CI** 

**CI, O** 

**within the studied area** 

*Kornmannia leptoderma* (Kjellman) Bliding **CI Family Ulvaceae**  *Percursaria percursa* (C. Agardh) Rosenvinge **CI, O**  *Ulva clathrata* (Roth) C. Agardh **K, O**  *Ulva fenestrata* Postels et Ruprecht **In all places**  *Ulva flexuosa* Wulfen **CI, K**  *Ulva linza* Linnaeus **CI, K, O** 

**29** *Ulva procera* (Ahlner) Hayden, Blomster, Maggs, Silva,

Table 2. Empire Eukaryota kingdom Plantae subkingdom Viridiplantae division

**3.3 Species composition and distribution of red algae in the studied area** 

On the total there are 129 species of red algae found up to now on the shelf of the western part of Bering Sea and Commander Islands. The species list is given below in the table

**Class Compsopogonophyceae Order Erythropeltidales Family Erythrotrichiaceae 1** *Erythrocladia irregularis* Rosenvinge **CI, K Class Bangiophyceae Order Bangiales Family Bangiaceae 2** *Bangia fuscopurpurea* (Dillwyn) Lyngbye **CI 3** *Porphyra abbottiae* Krishnamurthy **CI 4** *Porphyra brumalis* Mumford **CI, O, NR 5** *Porphyra gardneri* (Smith et Hollenberg) Hawkes **CI 6** *Porphyra kurogii* Lindstrom in Lindstrom et Cole **CI, K, O, NR 7** *Porphyra miniata* (C. Agardh) C. Agardh **CI, K, O, NR 8** *Porphyra ochotensis* Nagai **CI** 

**Taxon Distribution** 

Stanhope et Waaland

Chlorophyta

format (Table 3).

**Record number** 


Marine Macrophytic Algae of the Western Sector of North Pacific (Russia) 197

**Family Phyllophoraceae 74** *Coccotylus truncatus* (Pallas) Wynne et Heine **K, O 75** *Lukinia dissecta* Perestenko **CI 76** *Mastocarpus pacificus* (Kjellman) Perestenko **CI, K, O, NR 77** *Mastocarpus papilatus* (C. Agardh) Kützing **CI Order Nemastomatales Family Schizymeniaceae 78** *Schizymenia pacifica* (Kylin) Kylin **K, NR Order Rhodymeniales Family Faucheaceae 79** *Gloiocladia guiryi* (Selivanova) Selivanova **CI Family Rhodymeniaceae** 

**Order Ceramiales Family Ceramiaceae**  *Ceramium cimbricum* H. Petersen in Rosenvinge **K**  *Ceramium deslongchampsii* Chauvin ex Duby **K**  *Ceramium kondoi* Yendo **CI, K, O**  *Microcladia borealis* Ruprecht **CI**  *Scagelia breviarticulata* Perestenko **CI**  *Scagelia pylaisaei* (Montagne) Wynne **CI, K, O Family Delesseriaceae**  *Congregatocarpus kurilensis* (Ruprecht) Wynne **CI**  *Hideophyllum yezoense* (Yamada et Tokida) A. Zinova **CI, OZ, K, O**  *Hymenena ruthenica* (Postels et Ruprecht) A. Zinova **CI, OZ, K, O**  *Laingia aleutica* Wynne **CI**  *Membranoptera spinulosa* (Ruprecht) Kuntze **In all places** 

**93** *Membranoptera setchellii* Gardner **OZ, K 94** *Mikamiella ruprechtiana* (A. Zinova) Wynne **CI** 

**CI, K** 

**CI, K, O** 

**CI, K** 

**K, NR** 

*Rhodophyllis capillaris* Tokida **CI, K Family Endocladiaceae**  *Gloiopeltis furcata* (Postels et Ruprecht ) J. Agardh **CI, K, O Family Furcellariaceae**  *Opuntiella californica* (Farlow) Kylin **OZ, K**  *Opuntiella ornata* (Postels et Ruprecht ) A. Zinova **CI, OZ, K, O**  *Turnerella mertensiana* (Postels et Ruprecht) Schmitz **In all places**  *Turnerella pennyi* (Harvey) Schmitz in Rosenvinge **K Family Gigartinaceae** 

**72** *Mazzaella parksii* (Setchell et Gardner) Hughey, Silva

**73** *Mazzaella phyllocarpa* (Postels et Ruprecht)

**80** *Sparlingia pertusa* (Postels et Ruprecht) Saunders,

**92** *Membranoptera serrata* (Postels et Ruprecht) A.

et Hommersand

Strachan et Kraft

Zinova

Perestenko


**CI, O, K** 

**CI, OZ, K, O** 

**CI** 

*Halosaccion firmum* (Postels et Ruprecht) Kützing **CI, K, O**  *Halosaccion glandiforme* (Gmelin) Ruprecht **CI, K, O, NR**  *Halosaccion minjaii* I.K. Lee **CI**  *Palmaria callophylloides* Hawkes et Scagel **CI, O**  *Palmaria hecatensis* Hawkes **CI, O**  *Palmaria marginicrassa* I.K. Lee **CI** 

*Palmaria stenogona* (Perestenko) Perestenko **CI, O, K Order Ahnfeltiales Family Ahnfeltiaceae**  *Ahnfeltia fastigiata* (Endlicher) Makienko **CI**  *Ahnfeltia plicata* (Hudson) Fries **CI, K Order Bonnemaisoniales Family Bonnemaisoniaceae**  *Pleuroblepharidella japonica* (Okamura) Wynne **CI Order Cryptonemiales Family Crossocarpaceae**  *Beringia castanea* Perestenko **CI**  *Cirrulicarpus gmelinii* (Grunow) Tokida et Masaki **CI**  *Cirrulicarpus ruprechtianum* (Sinova) Perestenko **CI, K, O, NR**  *Crossocarpus lamuticus* Ruprecht **CI, OZ, K**  *Hommersandia palmatifolia* (Tokida) Perestenko **CI, K, O**  *Kallymeniopsis lacera* (Ruprecht) Perestenko **In all places**  *Velatocarpus kurilensis* Perestenko **K, O** 

**Family Dumontiaceae** 

*Constantinea subulifera* Setchell **CI**  *Dilsea socialis* (Postels et Ruprecht.) Perestenko **OZ, K, O**  *Dumontia contorta* (Gmelin) Ruprecht **CI, K, O**  *Neodilsea natashae* Lindstrom **CI, K**  *Neodilsea yendoana* Tokida **CI, K, O Family Kallymeniaceae**  *Callophyllis radula* Perestenko **CI**  *Callophyllis rhynchocarpa* Ruprecht **CI, K, O**  *Euthora cristata* (C. Agardh) J. Agardh **In all places Order Halymeniales Family Halymeniaceae**  *Neoabbottiella araneosa* (Perestenko) Lindstrom **CI, OZ, K Order Gigartinales Family Cystocloniaceae**  *Fimbrifolium dichotomum* (Lepechin) Hansen **In all places** 

**42** *Palmaria mollis* (Setchell et Gardner) van der Meer et

**54** *Velatocarpus pustulosus* (Postels et Ruprecht)

**55** *Constantinea rosa-marina* (Gmelin) Postels et

Perestenko

Ruprecht

Bird


Marine Macrophytic Algae of the Western Sector of North Pacific (Russia) 199

biocenology, biogeography, ecology etc. As far as marine macrophytes are among the leading components of benthic communities of the shelf of Bering Sea their inventory is very important. In spite of the incompleteness of inventory works in this region main counters of the marine algal flora are already outlined and might serve as background of development

For instance knowledge on contemporary algal flora may be helpful for clarification of the problems of historical phytogeography, processes of the species formation and migration. It is also important for understanding of the regularities of forming and functioning of the ecosystems and the role of seaweeds in benthic communities. Shallow water zones of the shelf of the western part of Bering Sea and Commander Islands are also of interest for economic activity. Competent exploitation of their resources is possible only on the basis of reliable scientific data on the species composition, structure and distribution of benthic

**4. Brief characteristics of the algal flora of the western part of Bering Sea and** 

In Russian phycological literature the whole water area of the Far Eastern Seas is considered to be divided into 7 large floristic regions: 1) the Sea of Japan, 2) small Kurile Islands region; 3) southern Kurile Islands region; 4) northern Kurile Islands region; 5) the Sea of Okhotsk; 6) Bering Sea; 7) Commander Islands (Perestenko, 1994). We carried out our studies in the last 2 regions and came to a conclusion that the Bering Sea region that according to Perestenko (1994) includes the whole Eastern Kamchatka coasts should be subdivided into 2 subregions practically equal in geographic extension and floristic significance: a) proper Bering Sea area in its geographic borders (from Bering Strait to Ozernoi Gulf) and b) southeastern Kamchatka (from Kamchatskii Gulf to Lopatka Cape). The latter is out of the limits of the present study. Here we discuss marine algal flora of 2 major floristic complexes of the regions located in the upper part of North Pacific, those of Commander Islands and western

From the point of view of phytogeography both floristic complexes judging from the elements forming them may be attributed to boreal (cold-temperate) type (Table 4). The number of arctic-boreal and high-boreal species in the floristic complex of the Commander Islands totals to 41 %, in the floristic complex of western continental part of Bering Sea their number comes to 44 %. If so called wide-boreal elements are taken into account these figures

Systematic analysis of the species list revealed that the largest orders in the floristic complex of the Commander Islands are: 1) within the divion Ochrophyta, class Phaeophyceae: Ectocarpales (contains 3 families, 11 genera and 12 species) and Laminariales (5 families, 7 genera and 10 species); 2) within the division Rhodophyta: Ceramiales (4 families, 24 genera and 38 species) and Cryptonemiales (in its traditional interpretation) (5 families, 13 genera and 17 species); 3) withihn the division Сhlorophyta: Ulvales (3 families, 5 genera and 14

The situation on the western continental coast of Bering Sea is much the same, the largest orders in this floristic complex are: 1) within the division Ochrophyta, class Phaeophyceae: Ectocarpales (contains 3 families, 10 genera and 11 species) and Laminariales (5 families, 8 genera and 12 species); 2) within the division Rhodophyta: Ceramiales (4 families, 18 genera and 31 species) and Cryptonemiales (in its traditional interpretation) (5 families, 12 genera

species). These orders include above 55 % of the total species number of the flora.

communities. These problems are discussed to some extent in the sections below.

of different scientific conceptions.

**Commander Islands** 

continental coast of Bering Sea.

increase correspondingly to 92% and 90 %.


Table 3. Empire Eukaryota Kingdom Plantae subKingdom Biliphyta Division Rhodophyta

In conclusion of this part I would like to point out that the studies on the species composition of any group of organisms are the basis for further scientific studies in

**CI** 

**In all places** 

**K, О**

**CI** 

*Nienburgia prolifera* Wynne **CI**  *Pantoneura fabriciana* (Lyngbye) Wynne **K**  *Pantoneura juergensii* (J. Agardh) Kylin **CI, OZ, K, NR**  *Phycodrys fimbriata* (Kuntze) Kylin **CI, OZ, O, NR**  *Phycodrys serratiloba* (Ruprecht) A. Zinova **CI, OZ, K, O**  *Phycodrys valentinae* Selivanova et Zhigadlova **O, NR** 

*Tokidadendron bullata* (Gardner) Wynne **CI, O**  *Yendonia crassifolia* (Ruprecht) Kylin **CI, OZ, К, О Family Rhodomelaceae**  *Beringiella labiosa* Wynne **CI**  *Harveyella mirabilis* (Reinsch) Schmitz et Reinke **K, O**  *Neorhodomela larix* (Turner) Masuda **CI, K, О** *Neorhodomela oregona* (Doty) Masuda **CI**  *Neosiphonia japonica* (Harvey) M.S.Kim et I.K.Lee **K**  *Odonthalia annae* Perestenko **CI**  *Odonthalia corymbifera* (Gmelin) Greville **CI**  *Odonthalia dentata* (Linnaeus) Lyngbye **CI, K, О, NR**  *Odonthalia floccosa* (Esper) Falkenberg **CI**  *Odonthalia kamtschatica* (Ruprecht) J. Agardh **CI, ОZ, K, NR**  *Odonthalia ochotensis* (Ruprecht) J. Agardh **CI, K, О** *Odonthalia setacea* (Ruprecht) Perestenko **CI, K, О** *Polysiphonia morrowii* Harvey **CI**  *Polysiphonia stricta* (Dillwyn) Greville **CI, K, О**

**119** *Pterosiphonia hamata* Sinova **CI 120** *Rhodomela pinnata* Perestenko **K, О**

*Rhodomela tenuissima* (Ruprecht) Kjellman **K, О** *Tayloriella abyssalis* Wynne **CI Family Wrangeliaceae**  *Neoptilota asplenioides* (Esper) Kylin **CI, NR**  *Pleonosporium kobayashii* Okamura **CI** 

**127** *Ptilota filicina* J. Agardh **CI, K, О, NR 128** *Ptilota serrata* Kützing **In all places 129** *Tokidaea serrata* (Wynne) Lindstrom et Wynne **CI**  Table 3. Empire Eukaryota Kingdom Plantae subKingdom Biliphyta Division Rhodophyta In conclusion of this part I would like to point out that the studies on the species composition of any group of organisms are the basis for further scientific studies in

**101** *Phycodrys vinogradovae* Perestenko et Gussarova in

**118** *Pterosiphonia bipinnata* (Postels et Ruprecht)

**121** *Rhodomela sibirica* A. Zinova et Vinogradova in

**126** *Pleonosporium vancouverianum* (J. Agardh) Setchell et

Perestenko

Falkenberg

Vinogradova

Gardner

biocenology, biogeography, ecology etc. As far as marine macrophytes are among the leading components of benthic communities of the shelf of Bering Sea their inventory is very important. In spite of the incompleteness of inventory works in this region main counters of the marine algal flora are already outlined and might serve as background of development of different scientific conceptions.

For instance knowledge on contemporary algal flora may be helpful for clarification of the problems of historical phytogeography, processes of the species formation and migration. It is also important for understanding of the regularities of forming and functioning of the ecosystems and the role of seaweeds in benthic communities. Shallow water zones of the shelf of the western part of Bering Sea and Commander Islands are also of interest for economic activity. Competent exploitation of their resources is possible only on the basis of reliable scientific data on the species composition, structure and distribution of benthic communities. These problems are discussed to some extent in the sections below.
