**3.2 PBL among the entire team: Business concept for MSP business model aimed at the SDGs/CE**

In the first to fifth classes, as demonstrated in **Table 1**, each team formulated a business concept for future strategic design, with all team members participating by applying the PBL method. The theme of PBL for future strategic design adopted the MSP business model. This MSP business model involves the usage of platform and application software that mediates between the supply side that provides products/ services and the demand side (customers who want these products or services). In other words, the MSP built a new business model by acting as an intermediary between the providers of products/services and customers.

When deciding on the theme of this MSP platform service, each team was required to draft a business concept that would be useful in solving social issues. Therefore, the instructor (Professor Tamaki, who was in charge of this course) suggested that each team choose a theme for MSP platform services related to SDG 12.3: reduction of food loss or SDG 12.5: reduction of waste part of SDG 12: responsible consumption and production.

SDG target 12.5, "By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling, and reuse," is related to the CE. The shift from a linear economy to a CE requires new marketing methods. The European Commission suggested that the successful adoption of CE would require new consumer behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to conceive a CE business model and consider how to solve CE-specific social business issues.

#### **3.3 Four different types of group roles for AL**

In team-building exercises for the AL method, learners were separated into four project groups (Groups 1–4) with different business roles, and each group worked on virtual project management (**Table 1**):

*Educational Programs of Business Producers and System Creators for Future Strategy Design… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110029*


#### **Table 1.**

*Curriculum that combines PBL and AL methods for business producers [2].*

Group 1—Business model.

Group 2—New product planning and digital marketing.

Group 3—Smart product design and usability.

Group 4—Platform service management.

There were two types of collaborative learning for AL group work. One involved carrying out collaborative learning within the same group, and the other involved

collaborative learning between different groups, as described, for example, by [G1⇔G2] in **Table 1**.
