**4.7 Factors influencing IL**

RQ7: How much of the IL could be explained by demographic parameters, scientific literacy, ICT use, and psychological/learning parameters of students? Which parameters affect IL level the most?

In an attempt to develop a model for prediction of the IL level, taking into account the following independent variables (3 demographic parameters, SL, 4 ICT scales, and 7 psychological/learning subscales), we applied multiple linear regression on the test results of all participants (561). The model accounted for 29% of the variance in IL; F(15, 545) = 15.06, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.293. As shown in **Table 7**, predictors with a significant zero-order correlation with IL (scientific literacy SL, confidence on the internet ICT-I, and self-concept about learning SC-L) had a significant partial effect in the full model. Contributions to IL variance, calculated by partitioning R2 by multiplying beta values with zero-order correlations, were 16.6% (SL), 2.8% (ICT-I), and 3.5% (SC-L).

Number of ICT-rich courses had a significant negative effect in the model, but since its zero-order correlation with IL was 0, it played a suppressor role, strengthening the effect of other parameters. The application of metacognitive learning strategies (LS) also had a negative influence in the model, which was in line with its small (albeit non-significant) correlation with the ILT.



#### **Table 7.**

*Predictors of IL (statistically significant predictors are bolded; N = 561).*
