**4.5.3 Architecture**

46 New Research on Knowledge Management Models and Methods




The software platform is designed as a tool for educational to be used by managers, tutors and learners, to facilitate the construction of tests for testing concepts and the generation of an intellectually demanding action space, allowing interaction of the various actor involved in the process. The constructor in with the general functional model of the project, through the following agents: Professor: individual or object that provides the system of disciplinary knowledge, ponders the complexity of knowledge, design tests with which to assess learning, provides the answers and lead the process of cognitive apprenticeship. Student: Is the person on which rests the teaching institution and who is responsible for the quantity and quality of knowledge acquired. The system serve as coach potentiates cognitive skills, accredited skills and explore their results critically. Manager: individual or object that performs the monitoring and feedback of student progress, uses statistical information on academic performance, monitors the implementation of curriculum plans and ensures

The system must control access to the authorized players through verification of the validity of a login and a password and only allows access to certain information service in accordance with the privileges of that user as a certain level it. In the same vein should give special attention to the process designed to protect from an unauthorized access over the

The system must control access to the players authorized through verification of the validity of a login and password and only allows access to certain information services in accordance with the privileges of that user as a certain level it. In the same vein should give special attention to the processes designed to protect from unauthorized access over the network

network and safeguarding the integrity and confidentially of information.

and safeguarding the integrity and confidentiality of information.


**4.5 Computer constructor of tests & exmination for knowledge verification** 

**4.4.5 Outcome**  The products to obtain:

verification of concept learned.

g. conceptual or cognitive maps (digital maps).

establish electronic communication.

compliance with the institutional offer.

**4.5.1 Operationality** 

**4.5.2 Security** 



Functional components interact independently of the builder, so in most cases the transfer of parameters is absent or reduced to a minimum. Each function corresponds to a visual interface for easy operation, flexibility and self significantly.

#### **4.5.4 Conclusions and future work**

iCOACH allows to design strategies by monitoring individual student progress, to identify deserters and perform follow up of them with the additional support of the FESSANJOSE Welfare Department. The system implementation of flexibilisation: the administrative (i.e. payment by quotes, the pedagogical (i.e. transfers. ICT strategies) and related. iCOACH is also a management tool to the student surplus time for their learning controlled by him/herself. Other major conclusion of this effort is to have obtained the design specifications and the requirements for the professional software development for iCOACH: the maturity model.

The future work: is to extend iCOACH to all academic programs inside FESSANJOSE and to offer coaching services to all academic community in Colombia using SOA (Services Oriented Architecture). The iCOACH Professor-side is to extend the Knowledge base developing parameterized and intelligent queries/questions for knowledge verification with natural language processing in order to have a knowledge base fully re-organizing and intelligent one.

### **5. Integration of input-output model and linear programming: Linear programming with leontief input output model**

#### **5.1 Background: Mathematical Leontief model for systems analysis**

The linear model focused on curricular coherence matrix is both an instrument of analysis as a linear mathematical structure, enabling the justification of curriculum and making sense as an organized and complex. The re-contextualization and re-situation Leontief Model

Analytical Models for Tertiary Education by Propaedeutic

The knowledge change in the state of the art

virtual tutors as our prototype iCOACH.

personal independent learning.

by lecturer-authors, etc.).

demand composition may result from the:

Fig. 15. Student Levels Flows for Optimization

**5.1.4 Mathematical knowledge architecture** 

**5.1.3 Linear programming with Leontief input output Model** 

Performance, Recoverable and the Dropout. See Figure 15.

One application of process engineering is the application of the Leontief model combined with linear programming, as many authors assert, and we have shown by applying these models in the Health Sector in Colombia (National Department of Planning) Ortegón Edgar et al.(1973). The following Table 1 shows the model architecture. Construction of these matrices requires a

The Linear Programming with Leontief Input Output Model involves 3 Student levels: Good

The architecture presented in Table No. 1 comprises the matrix of Leontief Input-Output in a system either at the micro level (i.e. a program of study) or a higher level of an institution

significant budget to develop the study field for several months within FESSANJOSE.

Requirements of the Higher Education legislation

Changes in the scientific production and new knowledge.

Need to meet national and international standards of the Curriculum.

 Demand for Consulting by the company and the government in this country. Generation of new knowledge as a result of research and innovation processes

valuation.)

Cycles Applying Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management 49

The increase in the benefits arising from economies of scale e.g. content generation for

Substantial increases in student cognitive productivity through the use of intelligent

The changes in relative prices (as Leontief coefficients arising from a monetary

Changes in patterns of exchange (purchase of books and knowledge contents generated

Final Demand at the institutional level is represented by all the activities of Social Projection, University Extension Services and Consulting, Research Projects. The changes in the final

Analysis enables Governance and Sustainability with the extension of the matrix A of technical coefficients, extended. The first part of this modelwas presented in Section and we illustrated with several matrices. Perez Gama Alfonso et al. (2011).

#### **5.1.1 Mathematical Leontief model for economic analysis**

The model defines the main characteristics of sectored performance of a country's economic system interacting industries.

��: It is considered in the model increases or decreases linearly to changes in the gross value of production.

Although the model usually assumed that cutting the input current flows in each sector are proportional to the level of output in that sector, in the case of inter-industry flows this assumption is not appropriate.

Economic activities are grouped into n sectors or industries, where X (vector of production), Y (vector of final demand. X, Y Rn values represent the vectors of gross production and final demand, respectively. The matrix technical coefficients is denoted by A = [����], are transactions between industries i and j per unit industrial output j.

With the above matrix can perform optimization analysis of institutional, with the addition of objective functions, capacity constraints, unit costs for credit, the target student population, limited resources and many other related university items as mentioned above.

Production is assumed that X is distributed to some intermediate consumption and the rest to the final consumer. Whereas the vector of exogenous final demand, the solution vector is obtained by clearing the gross value of production:

$$\mathbf{X} = (\mathbf{I} - \mathbf{A})^{-1} \mathbf{Y},\tag{7}$$

Where **I** is the identity matrix

Leontief matrix, which describes the total needs of direct and indirect inputs, such that its diagonal elements must be greater than or equal to 1, which means that to produce one additional unit to meet the net final demand of social production, is necessary to increase the production of each academic unit at least one unit. Among other questions asked in this analysis, would include:

*¿ How much should increase the production of the* �� *process to meet the increase of one unit of competence demanded further of that process and how much to increase the production of other processes?* 

$$
\Delta \mathbf{X} = (\mathbf{I} - \mathbf{A})^{-1} \Delta \mathbf{Y} \tag{8}
$$

This equation allows us to quantify and predict the output **X** and other institutional variables: cost, value added etc. of university academics in different periods.

This model generates a lot of information in such a way that enables us to analyze the financial sustainability and enriches the PEI (Institutional Educational Project) planning process and specially favors the strategy formation process.

#### **5.1.2 Other considerations on the Leontief matrix**

The main underlying causes of the alteration of the coefficients over time are:

 Technological change in academic production e.g. by introducing ICT and Virtualization.

The knowledge change in the state of the art

48 New Research on Knowledge Management Models and Methods

Analysis enables Governance and Sustainability with the extension of the matrix A of technical coefficients, extended. The first part of this modelwas presented in Section and we

The model defines the main characteristics of sectored performance of a country's economic

��: It is considered in the model increases or decreases linearly to changes in the gross value

Although the model usually assumed that cutting the input current flows in each sector are proportional to the level of output in that sector, in the case of inter-industry flows this

Economic activities are grouped into n sectors or industries, where X (vector of production), Y (vector of final demand. X, Y Rn values represent the vectors of gross production and final demand, respectively. The matrix technical coefficients is denoted by A = [����], are

With the above matrix can perform optimization analysis of institutional, with the addition of objective functions, capacity constraints, unit costs for credit, the target student population, limited resources and many other related university items as mentioned above. Production is assumed that X is distributed to some intermediate consumption and the rest to the final consumer. Whereas the vector of exogenous final demand, the solution vector is

X = �� � ����Y, (7)

Leontief matrix, which describes the total needs of direct and indirect inputs, such that its diagonal elements must be greater than or equal to 1, which means that to produce one additional unit to meet the net final demand of social production, is necessary to increase the production of each academic unit at least one unit. Among other questions asked in this

*¿ How much should increase the production of the* �� *process to meet the increase of one unit of competence demanded further of that process and how much to increase the production of other* 

∆X = �� � ����∆Y (8) This equation allows us to quantify and predict the output **X** and other institutional

This model generates a lot of information in such a way that enables us to analyze the financial sustainability and enriches the PEI (Institutional Educational Project) planning

Technological change in academic production e.g. by introducing ICT and

variables: cost, value added etc. of university academics in different periods.

The main underlying causes of the alteration of the coefficients over time are:

process and specially favors the strategy formation process.

**5.1.2 Other considerations on the Leontief matrix** 

illustrated with several matrices. Perez Gama Alfonso et al. (2011).

transactions between industries i and j per unit industrial output j.

obtained by clearing the gross value of production:

**5.1.1 Mathematical Leontief model for economic analysis** 

system interacting industries.

assumption is not appropriate.

Where **I** is the identity matrix

analysis, would include:

Virtualization.

*processes?* 

of production.


Final Demand at the institutional level is represented by all the activities of Social Projection, University Extension Services and Consulting, Research Projects. The changes in the final demand composition may result from the:


Fig. 15. Student Levels Flows for Optimization
