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## IntechOpen Book Series Civil Engineering Volume 4

### Aims and Scope of the Series

Civil engineering is a traditional field of engineering from which most other branches of engineering have evolved. It comprises traditional sub-areas like transportation, structures, construction, geotechnics, water resources, and building materials. It also encompasses sustainability, risk, environment, and other concepts at its core. Historically, developments in civil engineering included traditional aspects of architecture and urban planning as well as practical applications from the construction industry. Most recently, many elements evolved from other fields of knowledge and topics like simulation, optimization, and decision science have been researched and applied to increase and evolve concepts and applications in this field. Civil engineering has evolved in the last years due to the demands of society in terms of the quality of its products, modern applications, official requirements, and cost and schedule restrictions. This series addresses real-life problems and applications of civil engineering and presents recent, cutting-edge research as well as traditional knowledge along with real-world examples of developments in the field.

## Meet the Series Editor

Professor Assed N. Haddad is a Civil Engineer with a degree from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) earned in 1986, as well as a Juris Doctor degree from the Fluminense University Center earned in 1993, and a Master's degree in Civil Engineering from the Fluminense Federal University (UFF) obtained in 1992. He completed his Ph.D. in Production Engineering from COPPE / Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in 1996. Professor Haddad's ac-

ademic pursuits have taken him to postdoctoral stays at the University of Florida, USA in 2006; at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain in 2010; and at the University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia in 2019. Currently, he serves as a Full Professor at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. He has held visiting professorships at various institutions including the University of Florida, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, and Western Sydney University. His research expertise encompasses Civil, Environmental, and Production Engineering, with a primary focus on the following topics: Construction Engineering and Management, Risk Management, and Life Cycle Assessment. He has been the recipient of research grants from the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: CNE FAPERJ from 2019 to 2022 and from 2023 to 2025. Additionally, his research grants obtained from the Brazilian Government CNP since 2012 last to this date. Professor Haddad has been involved in several academic endeavors, being the Guest Editor of the International Journal of Construction Management; MDPI's Sustainability, Energies, and Infrastructures; Associate Editor at Frontiers in Built Environment / Sustainable Design and Construction; Guest Editor at Frontiers in Built Environment / Construction Management; and Academic Editor of the Journal of Engineering, Civil Engineering Section of Hindawi. He is currently a Professor of the Environmental Engineering Program at UFRJ and the Civil Engineering Program at UFF.

## Meet the Volume Editors

Chiara Bedon is an Associate Professor of Structural Engineering in the Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Italy, where she teaches Structural Analysis, Steel Structures, and Structural Design and Rehabilitation. She received a Ph.D. in 2012 and has been involved in international research projects and networks since 2009. She is an expert member, national delegate, task leader, and advisor at organizations such as the Joint

Research Centre – European Reference Network for Critical Infrastructure Protection (JRC-ERNCIP), North Atlantic Treaty Organization – Science for Peace and Security (NATO-SPS), European Cooperation in Science and Technology (EU-COST), and others. She is an editorial board member for several journals. She is a Top Italian Scientist (TIS) and Top Italian Women Scientist (TIWS) in civil engineering. She is a former member of the EU-COST Action TU1403 – "Adaptive Facades Network," and a core group member for the ongoing EU-COST Action CA20139 – "Holistic design of taller timber buildings – HELEN." She is a principal investigator for projects funded by the European Union, including the recently granted FIS2021-MUR "HOPgLAz" project.

Marcin Kozłowski is an expert in the structural use of glass in construction, the safety of glass structures, and numerical modeling of complex engineering issues, including the brittle fracture of glass and the simulation of both static and dynamic loads. Since 2020, he has been an associate professor in the Department of Structural Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland. Professor Kozłowski has served as the project manager in two in-

ternational research projects and several others with national funding. He is a national delegate to the European Committee for Standardization CEN/TC 250/SC 11 "Structural Glass" and serves as the chairman of the technical committee for the design of glass structures in the Polish Standardization Committee. He actively contributed to several research networks and projects, including the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (EU-COST) Action TU1403, "Adaptive Facades Network" and the MINIATURE 5 competition financed by the National Science Center (NCN) with a research proposal entitled "Analysis of the internal pressure in 3D bent insulating glass".

Mislav Stepinac is an Assistant Professor of Structural Engineering in the Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb, Croatia. He is an instructor for courses in Earthquake Engineering, Existing Masonry Structures, Precast Reinforced Concrete Structures, and Concrete and Masonry Structures. As the principal investigator for the "ARES" project on the assessment and rehabilitation of existing structures, he is involved in the development of contemporary

methods for the structural analysis of masonry and timber constructions. He is a core group member of the ongoing European Cooperation in Science and Technology (EU-COST) Action CA20139 – "Holistic design of taller timber buildings – HELEN". He is also co-author of several journal and conference papers.

### Contents



*by Alcínia Zita Sampaio, Inês Domingos and Augusto Gomes*
