**2. Methodological approach**

#### **2.1 Research design and approach**

The research and design approach was conducted through an in-depth analysis of selected documents related to land use and mangrove conservation and management. These include publications on the UN Conventions and Annual Reports from the Mangrove Restoration Project under the National Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (NAREI), Guyana. Further, literature surveys on scholarly research undertaken on coastal land use, land use management strategies, mangrove ecosystem conservation, coastal environmental issues and geospatial applications were reviewed, and ArcGIS Pro and remote sensing were applied to illustrate how they can be used for the subject matter. The case study area was selected based on four criteria outlined below in the section on '*Land use management strategies for addressing* 

#### **Figure 1.**

*Conceptual framework for land use and mangrove management. Data compiled by the author.*

*mangrove ecosystem degradation at Mon Repos*'. The conceptual framework in **Figure 1** outlines the main concepts and various issues associated with land use and mangrove ecosystems management.
