**Abstract**

Payment for forest environmental services (PFES) has become an effective management tool for forest resources in the world, especially in developing countries such as Vietnam. The Vietnamese PFES policy has been institutionalized and implemented since 2010, contributing to forest protection and improving the livelihoods of people who depend on forests. In this chapter, the PFES policy was analyzed, followed by the evaluation of the effectiveness of a PFES program applied in the Ba Be district, Bac Kan province, Vietnam in three aspects: environment, economy, and society. Finally, we synthesize the combined effectiveness of the PFES program in Vietnam and offer solutions to improve and promote the PFES policy in Vietnam and developing countries around the world.

**Keywords:** babe district, evaluation, integrated effect, payment for forest environmental services (PFES), policy
