**4.1 Implementing an effective leadership style**

According to Reyes-Guerra et al. [94], effective leadership is dependent on the qualities and abilities of the leader, which are manifested in leadership behavior. A healthy work environment is correlated with leadership behaviors including transformational leadership, transactional leadership, servant leadership, authentic leadership, distributed leadership, and instructional leadership [95, 96]. The transformational leadership style is the most researched and effectively tested of the various leadership philosophies used today. Due to its nature, which is driven by a leader's capacity to leverage organizational members to realize their goals and vision, transformational leadership has been identified via numerous studies as the most effective leadership style in a variety of companies [97, 98]. Researchers have repeatedly discovered that leadership has a significant impact on how employees act innovatively, which has increased interest in the study of safety leadership. Wu [99] pointed to the innovative leadership of university top leadership as the relationship between leaders and followers in which a leader can exert influence on followers to achieve organizational goals within the framework of individual and organizational components. This leadership style has a favorable effect on the performance of the organization's innovation [6, 48].
