**4. Methods**

A qualitative interpretive research approach with in-depth individual semi-structured interviews with 10 teachers and five headteachers was adopted for this study. The participants were from five Junior High schools (one headteacher and two teachers) from each school making a total of 15 participants. **Table 1** shows the first names and related demographic details of the participants. The interviews were conducted by the first author and recorded for later transcription and analysis. Each interview, which lasted on an average of 45 minutes, was conducted in each school after the participants have completed their daily work. We used a six-stage thematic approach developed by Braun and Clarke to analyze the corpus of interview data [18]. The approaches involved data familiarization, generation of initial codes for comparison, developing themes, reviewing themes, defining and naming themes and producing the final report [18]. However, our analysis was not independent of theory; rather, we reflexively applied Bourdieu's theory to shift through the corpus of data to identify if the participants' views referred to habitus, capital or field mechanisms. By so doing, we brought deeper interpretations to the data set.
