**7. References**

502 Advances in Cancer Therapy

**MORPHOLOGY + CYTOCHEMISTRY** 

**Immunophenotyping by using the primary panel of monoclonal antibodies tib di**

**Immunophenotyping by using the secondary panel of monoclonal antibodies** 

**PML/RAR neg** 

**AML**

**RT-PCR analyses for PML/RAR**

Fig. 8. Diagnostic algorithm and algorithm for risk adapted therapy in AML patients

**AGE, PERFORMANCE STATUS, COMORBIDITIES**

**PML/RAR APL** 

A basis for every therapeutic decision in AML cases should be provided by a multimodal diagnostic approach. The optimal therapeutic conditions are based on exact classification and prognosis of the AML subtype at diagnosis and to delineation of sensitive markers for MRD studies during the complete hematologic remission. MRD methods have many potential applications in the clinical management of patients with acute leukemia. Today, a multimodal diagnostic approach which combines different diagnostic techniques is needed to meet these requirements. The diagnostic process is becoming more demanding with respect to experience, time and costs due to the expansion of methods and algorithms, which guide the diagnostic procedure from basic to more specific methods and which finally lead to results that are essential for modern diagnostics and therapeutic concepts. There are numerous overlaps between different diagnostic methods. These can be used for optimal pathways in the complex diagnostic proceedings and for validation of the results of single methods, which can be summarized in diagnostic algorithms. Basic morphological

**ADECVATE CLINICAL STRATIFICATION AND INDIVIDUAL TERAPEUTICAL APPROACH FOR EACH NEWLY DIAGNOSED PATIENT WITH AML** 

**RT-PCR analyses for AML1/ETO & CBF/MYH11** 

**6. Conclusions** 


Immunophenotyping of the Blast Cells in Correlations with

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**23**

**Prospective Applications** 

*Czech Technical University* 

*Czech Republic* 

**of Microwaves in Medicine**

Jaroslav Vorlíček, Barbora Vrbova and Jan Vrba

Research of interactions between Electromagnetic (EM) Field and biological systems is of growing interests elsewhere. In this area of research very important activity are studies of prospective medical applications of microwaves (i.e. a possibility to use microwave energy and/or microwave technique and technology for treatment purposes) are a quite new and a very rapidly developing field. Microwave thermotherapy is being used in medicine for the cancer treatment and for some other diseases since early eighties. Most common methods used for treatment of cancer are radiotherapy and chemotherapy. These therapeutic methods have many undesirable effects, such as usage of ionizing radiation. Another method used for treatment of cancer is hyperthermia. This method is based on the principle of destruction of malignant cells by artificially increased temperature in the temperature range between 41 and 45 ºC fails self-protective mechanism of malignant cells. In contrast with chemotherapy and

In the following text we would like to outline scope and new trends in medical applications

Applications of microwaves in medicine is a quite a new field of a high interest in the world (since early 80's). It is necessary to mention one of the most important trends in the research of medical applications of microwaves, i.e. the thermal effects of EM field (since early 80's a microwave thermotherapy is used for cancer treatment, Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) treatment and for some other areas of medicine; it can be used in combination with other

To give a basic overview, we can divide medical applications of microwaves in following


of microwaves. We can divide these results and new trends into two major groups:

radiotherapy, hyperthermia is not limited by the number of doses of radiation.

**2. Prospective applications of microwaves in medicine** 

three basic groups according to purpose, how are microwaves used:

**1. Introduction** 


**2.1 Clinical results and trends** 

its role)**.** 

complementary treatment methods also.

