**7. Conclusions**

There are substantial opportunities for humanitarian response actions to identify, articulate and prioritise relief and recovery actions in ways that meet immediate relief needs, but also contribute to the building of resilience. The three actions identified in this chapter—people-centred approaches, using a systems perspective for engaging in complexity, and improving collaboration with local actors—are three critical areas for achieving this.

There may well be critics of these arguments who might argue that highlighting resilience building opportunities is a form of 'mission creep' for agencies solely focused on response and recovery; also that the aid sector has enough jargon already, and no more is needed, especially in relief and recovery work—after all, the term 'resilience' has its critics. Whatever the most useful terms to employ are, however, the reality is that, given the confluence of urban growth and worsening disasters, many of which are fuelled by climate change, the need for better humanitarian response is set to increase. Relief and recovery actions need to consider the future as much as they do the immediate present, in order that those investments are not wasted when the next, and possibly worse, disaster strikes.

*Integrative Approaches in Urban Sustainability – Architectural Design, Technological Innovations…*
