**2.2 Evaluating sustainable real estate development through the triple bottom line (TBL) approach**

The triple bottom line (TBL) theory is commonly used to evaluate real estate development projects. It promotes the fusion of social justice, environmental sustainability, and economic viability to create a sustainable, constructed environment. The notion of the triple bottom line (TBL) was developed, according to Nogueira, E., Gomes, and Lopes, due to the growing importance of sustainable development. Beyond traditional financial indicators, TBL is essential for evaluating a country's economic growth (ED). Despite its importance, little study has been done thus far to examine how TBL and ED interact fully. As a result, this bibliometric research attempts to investigate the connection between TBL, sustainability, and ED while considering business strategy elements like competitiveness, decision-making, planning, and performance [16]. This extended discussion explores the TBL theory and its influence on real estate development by emphasizing its comprehensive assessment methodology. Economic viability is central to TBL theory. Long-term real estate initiatives need revenues. TBL requires a cost–benefit analysis, return on investment assessments, and financial feasibility studies. These analyses help developers detect hazards, optimize profits, and assure economic stability. TBL theory helps
