*5.1.1 General profile of managers and resorts*

The majority of respondents were male (64%), more than half of hotel managers also had bachelor's degree and above (68%), and near to half (43%) have tourism specialization in both diploma and bachelor's degree (Appendix C: **Table A.1**).

### *5.1.2 Bishoftu hotel manager attitudes toward environmental sustainability practices*

The highest average on the scale is in good agreement with the belief that hotel should support local conservation efforts (4.59). Hotel is responsible for responding to the environmental impacts of tourism (4.57), and sustainable practices can increase the market value of the hotel (4.48). Hotels cannot be environmentally friendly and profitable at the same time. The positive attitude reflected in terms of perceived benefit and awareness about environmental sustainability practices at lower mean (M = 2.02, SD = 1.59) (**Table 1**). The results show that managers have positive attitude in all points that were generally seen in both higher and lower mean.


*disagree to 5 = strongly agree.*

#### **Table 1.**

*Hotel managers' attitudes toward environmental sustainability practices.*

#### *5.1.3 Sociodemographic characteristics influence on manager's attitude*

This study investigated four sociodemographic variables: gender, age, educational level, and manager's income. There were significant differences in age and education, but there were no significant differences in gender and income (Appendix C: **Tables A.2**–**A.4**).

The results indicated that respondents over the age of 35 years were more likely to agree with all nine attributes than respondents under the age of 35 years (Supplementary Materials: **Table A.3**). These attributes were as follows: Hotel activities have a negative effect on the environment (0.02), hotel has a responsibility to respond to environmental impact of tourism (0.03), environmental management must be a part of the hotel operation (0.01), the management of my hotel believes that climate change exists (0.02), the government should regulate the tourism industry regarding environment (0.01), all businesses have to be involved in fulfilling social obligations (0.03), hotel should support local conservation efforts (0.01), environmental management will increase the market value of the hotel (0.02), and environmental impact should be considered when deciding company policy (0.04). According to this result, older people show more attention than younger people.

There was a statistically significant agreement in seven out of 15 statements related to education, and respondents who had higher educational level were more likely to agree that. These attributes were as follows: Hotel activities have a negative effect on the environment (0.00), hotel will implement to respond to environmental pollution even if they are not required by government regulations (0.00), environmental impact should be considered while deciding company policy (0.01), all businesses have to be involved in fulfilling social obligations (0.01), hotel has a responsibility to respond to the environmental impacts of tourism (0.02), it is not impossible to be both profitable and environmental-friendly (0.03), and the government should regulate the tourism industry regarding environment (0.04). In this regard, respondents who have better education level show better awareness and commitment than lower-level respondents in this study which is in line with previous findings, but income and sex do not show a statistically significant agreement in this study.

#### *5.1.4 Environmental sustainable practices implemented in Bishoftu resort hotels*

The practices that resort mangers view as the most widely used and the highest performed environmental sustainable practices were reported as reusable items (3.57), implementing water-efficient gardening program (3.14), using energy-efficient appliances, and using high energy-efficient lighting (3.02). The average scores also showed that the lowest participation rate were to achieve environmental certification (1.16), initiate a resort hotel environmental policy and set up targets (1.41), and use alternative fuels and renewable energy (1.52) (**Table 2**). According to this result, insignificant amount of practices are adopted in resorts, because only four sustainable practices are adopted significantly in all resorts from 25 initiatives. Using cloth napkin, using water for gardening, and using energy-efficient bulbs are the most adopted practices in all sample resorts.

*Environmental Sustainability Practices in Hotels: From Attitudes to Implementation Case… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109433*


*Note: Respondents were asked to show the level of environmental sustainable practices performance on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0 = I do not know 1 = extremely low to 5 = extremely high.*

#### **Table 2.**

*Environmental sustainable practices implemented in resorts.*
