**12. Technology and innovations (building and engineering)**

Adoption of new technological aspects plays an important role in minimizing the risk of pandemics and even eliminating them [38].

Few examples of new technological innovations, which showed their effectiveness in combating the COVID-19 pandemic, are listed below:


of coronavirus on various materials is depicted in these research studies; this will provide the designer the opportunity for selection on scientific bases [78, 79, 88–91].

