*VoxSton – A New Water Clarification System DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112678*

#### **Figure 8.**

*Natural water refreshing by OxTube integrated water clarification visibly. OxTube separates soluble ingredients, activates molecules, and generates air bubbles for the high collision flotation in tube. Split bio mass attaches on bubbles, and mass floats are formed on the surface easy to scribe out. The turbid lake water turned clear within 5 days. Turbidity of 0.0 NTU has been achieved in some purification cases.*

OxTube clarification and flotation capabilities have been applied in refreshing of natural waters and their ecosystem. OxTube creates in its tube condition an efficient flotation with high collision of bubbles and bio particles. Turbidity of 0.0 NTU has been achieved in some wastewater purification cases with retention of some hours after the OxTube treatment. There is a flotation effect in the tube flow after bubble generation. This OxTube Flotation is a new innovation and it can be named as Tube Flotation. The natural water clarification by OxTube is shown visibly in **Figure 8**.

#### **3.3 Milston screw separator**

Milston is a compact and efficient screw separator verified with various sludge and slurry separations. It is available as a fixed installation and mobile applications, manual or completely automated. Particularly, Milston products are robust and reliable, easy to maintain and keep clean by internal washing system. Milston Hero 1 and its test results of P&P sludge separation are presented in **Figure 9**. The water, after solids separation, can be fed into the water treatment process as presented in **Figure 2**.

Milston Screw Separator can be used in various positions of industrial as well as other sludge processing. Content of solids should be at least around 5 percent. The concentration enhancement can be performed by SaoxFuge centrifugal separator.

#### **3.4 VoxFlot flotation**

Vortex Flotation Separation developed by SansOx is a unique separation method in which the liquid flows with the particles continuously in a vortex path, the gas bubbles are formed in inlet of the liquid flow by OxTube, and in the vortex flotation flow before the flotation cell. The bubbles are evenly distributed in the flow. In the flotation cell bubbles spin and flow cross the vortex liquid flow in optimal angle, the particles in the vortex *VoxSton – A New Water Clarification System DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112678*

#### **Figure 9.**

*Milston HERO 1 slurry separation capacity up to 75 m3 /h; a) pulp sludge left above, b) separated pulp sludge left beneath, c) separated paper sludge right above.*

flow stick gently on the spinning gas bubbles and are transferred to the cell surface. The Vortex Flotation Separation by SansOx is named as VoxFlot. The concept and principle of the VoxFlot are presented in **Figures 10**–**12**. The flotation cell is compact and small in size. The bubbles are generated evenly by OxTube into the water flow before entrance to the cell and they function all the way with high collision probability and attachment.

The liquid is treated before the vortex flotation phase in the VoxFlot cell by the OxTube of SansOx, **Figures 10** and **11**. The OxTube treatment consists of ingredients separation, molecular activation, bubble generation, chemicals feed and mixing. Aeration and additional compressed air feed if needed for additional air bubbles can be performed. The treatment is done continuously and fast in terms of seconds by the OxTube process that mixes chemicals, e.g., coagulants, dissolves gases, e.g., oxygen into the liquid, and generates lots of flocs and bubbles of air and reaction gases directly into the flowing liquid. Meeting or collision probability of bubbles and particles is high in the tube condition of OxTube. The treatment supports flotation theory referred briefly in Chapter 2 in all its aspects.

#### *3.4.1 Superior performance of VoxFlot*

The design principles of the VoxFlot are based on the flotation theory presented in Chapter 2, and experiences of the new and present systems, and particularly verified separation and dissolving performance of the OxTube. A special focus has been set on the collision probability, bubble generation, ingredients separation, molecular

#### **Figure 10.**

*VoxFlot flotation; 1. Liquid intake, 2. OxTube bubble generator and dissolver, 3. Air intake, 4. Flotation cell, 5. Bubble trap, 6. Foam collector, 7. Foam outtake, 8. Cleaned water outtake.*

#### **Figure 11.**

*VoxFlot flotation with lamella calcium removal; 1. Liquid intake, 2. OxTube bubble generator and dissolver, 3. Air intake, 4. Flotation cell, 5. Bubble trap, 6. Foam collector, 7. Foam outtake, 8. Cleaned water outtake, 9. Lamella.*

activation and even mixture of bubbles and particles. The process is streamlined, all kinds of unnecessary delays have been eliminated. The superior performance of VoxFlot is based on the following features:

*VoxSton – A New Water Clarification System DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112678*

#### **Figure 12.**

*OxTube generates bubbles and even mixture in the hermetic tube condition. Meeting probability of particles and bubbles is high. The vortex flow into the cell through the bubble trap causes a spinning effect of bubbles and solids that increases attachment.*

#### **Figure 13.**

*Left OxTube aerated water flow and right non-OxTube aerated water flow. OxTube aeration creates high concentration of dissolved O2, immediate reaction and huge amount of bubbles of 0.1 mm diameter in average. The surface tension and viscosity of the liquid is reduced significantly [7].*

