**3.1 World Health Organisation self-care behaviours**

The World Health Organisation [WHO] has defined self-care behaviours for the maintenance and development of health (**Figure 2**) [17].

**Figure 2.** *Health-promotion tips for self-care practices.*

## **3.2 Maintaining self-care**

This has been defined as the process of practices promoting the maintenance of the physical and psychological balance and protecting health through disease management. The requirements of self-care can be listed as health literacy, self-awareness, a moderate level of physical activity, a healthy diet, avoiding or minimising risk, disease knowledge, drug compliance, and rational use of devices related to the treatment.

### **3.3 Monitoring self-care**

Self-care is performed by making judgments from the recording of systematic observations of the individuals, their daily behaviours, their surroundings, and their personal relationships and then comparing their own behaviours with those of others or ideal behaviours.

### **3.4 Management of self-care**

Following the observations and judgement, individuals can identify their own behavioural or environmental problems, and then, by changing behaviours, adjusting the environment, and increasing self-reactions, an appropriate reaction can be given to reach personal targets. Self-care management includes all the activities made by patients to identify and interpret their own symptoms and to manage their own health.
