**4. Computer simulation of depth dose distributions**

The non-uniformity of the absorbed dose distribution throughout the irradiated object entails the non-uniformity of the irradiation effect: overexposure can cause material destruction or undesirable changes of physical and chemical material properties, while underexposure may not lead to the desired effect [15–17]. Therefore, the distribution of the absorbed dose throughout the irradiated object should be strictly controlled.

Modern dosimetry methods for determining the integral dose absorbed by an object and its dose distribution during industrial irradiation are time-consuming and expensive [47, 48]. Dosimetry requires regular repetition and calibration due to possible changes in the electron beam spectrum during operation of the industrial accelerator [44, 49].

Computer simulation is highly accurate method that allows to calculate 2D and 3D depth dose distributions, taking into account all the physical and technical parameters

