**3.3 Radiation damage mitigations**

Because of their capacity to create regulated levels of displacement damage under well-defined experimental settings, ion beam irradiations are chosen over neutron irradiations for many radiation effects research. Following that, ion beams aimed at a certain angle and with a regulated degree of displacement damage assist to rearrange the crystal lattice arrangement of these materials, giving them improved attributes appropriate for selection in nuclear reactor designs. This approach helps to mitigate the foreseeable damage of these materials when subjected to such harsh conditions.

As has been opined in the previous sections, ion beam technology is a major tool to mitigate the issue of radiation damage. This is through the process of assessing its suitability even before using it. Through the IBT, significant compressive surface stresses are produced which will partially compensate for externally imposed tensile stresses and lengthen component life against creep or fatigue failure by surfaceinitiated cracking.

In general, the significant information offered by radiation damage characterization and hardness testing level aids in the reduction of radiation damage in nuclear applications. It acts as a buffer against any unanticipated event or being caught off guard in any way. Moreover, it helps to decide on the dose of ion beams to introduce into the material to cause the required resistance.
